Constitutional Rights

1. Lessons Chapter 3 CHAPTER 3 Constitutional Rights 3-1 Foundations of Our Constitution 3-2 Amendments to the Constitution 3-3 Division and Balance of Powers

2. GOALS Chapter 3 LESSON 3-1 Foundations of Our Constitution Name the documents written in the course of our nation’s founding Explain the relationship between the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution

3. Chapter 3 OUR NATION’S FRAMING DOCUMENTS • Declaration of Independence • Articles of Confederation • U.S. Constitution • The Bill of Rights

4. Chapter 3 Declaration of Independence

5. Chapter 3 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE • Document drafted by representatives of the 13 original colonies that asserts the rights desired by the colonists • Adopted on July 4, 1776 • Declared independence from Great Britain • Needed to institute new government • New government would derive its power from people

6. Chapter 3 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE • It declared . . . “all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”

7. Chapter 3 ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

8. Chapter 3 ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION The 13 sovereign states united loosely in 1781 under a charter called the Articles of Confederation. Many people felt need for a stronger central government

9. Chapter 3 ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION Articles led to the calling of a special convention of delegates from the original 13 states

10. Chapter 3 U.S. CONSTITUTION • Was drafted in the summer of 1787 • Provided a workable framework for a federal government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” • Was declared effective and binding by Congress on March 4, 1789

11. Chapter 3 What’s Your Verdict? • What four states took the longest to ratify? • Virginia / New York / North Carolina / Rhode Island

12. Chapter 3 What’s Your Verdict? • Why did four states take longer to ratify? • Deficiency in constitution - failure to protect human rights

13. Chapter 3 THE BILL OF RIGHTS

14. Chapter 3 THE BILL OF RIGHTS • The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution • Enacted as a shield against the possible violation of specified human rights • Based on: Magna Carta Petition of Right Bill of Rights

15. Chapter 3 Amendment 1 Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of

16. Chapter 3 Amendment II • Right to a well regulated Militia • Right to keep and bear Arms

17. Chapter 3 Amendment III • No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, . . . .

18. Chapter 3 Amendment IV • . . . Right to be secure in their persons, houses, . . . . . Against unreasonable searches and seizures . . .

19. Chapter 3 Amendment IV

20. Chapter 3 Amendment V

21. Chapter 3 Amendment V • Held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury • . . . be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy . . . • . . . to be a witness against himself . . . • . . . be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process . . . • . . . take private property for public use without just compensation

22. Chapter 3 Amendment VI • Enjoy right to a speedy trial • Impartial jury • Informed of nature and cause of accusations • Confront witnesses against you • Assistance of counsel for your defense

23. Chapter 3 Amendment VII • In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed $20, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the U.S., . . .

24. Chapter 3 Amendment VIII • No excessive bail • No excessive fines • No unusual punishments inflicted

25. Chapter 3 Amendment IX • The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people

26. Chapter 3 Amendment X • The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people

27. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions The Declaration of Independence was adopted on • July 4, 1776 • July 4, 1789 • July 4, 1861

28. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • July 4, 1776

29. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • The “inalienable rights” mentioned in the Declaration of Independence are “life, liberty, and the pursuit of _________”

30. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions happiness

31. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • The American War of Independence lasted about • Two years • Four years • Eight years • Ten years

32. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • Eight years

33. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • The 13 colonies originally created a common government under the “Articles of Incorporation” TRUE / FALSE

34. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • False - Declaration of Independence

35. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • Critics of the original Constitution claimed the wording failed to protect human _____________

36. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions Rights

37. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions ____________ was the thirteenth state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.

38. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions Rhode Island

39. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions Which of the first 10 amendments guarantees freedom of the press? • First • Second • Third • Freedom of the press is not guaranteed in the Bill of Rights

40. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • First

41. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • The original Bill of Rights contains the right of peaceful assembly. TRUE / FALSE

42. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions TRUE

43. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions • Term limits on representatives were imposed by the Articles of Confederation. TRUE / FALSE

44. Chapter 3 3-1 Questions TRUE