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Refraction in a spherical atmosphere

Spherical atmosphere, T=177 K. Refraction in a spherical atmosphere. Deflection angle. Flux. from Elliot and Young, 1992. Refraction in an elliptical atmosphere. Occultation imaging sequence ( 20 frames sec -1 ). Palomar 241-actuator adaptive optics system on the 5-m Hale telescope.

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Refraction in a spherical atmosphere

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  1. Spherical atmosphere, T=177 K Refraction in a spherical atmosphere • Deflection angle • Flux from Elliot and Young, 1992.

  2. Refraction in an elliptical atmosphere

  3. Occultation imaging sequence(20 frames sec-1) • Palomar 241-actuator adaptive optics system on the 5-m Hale telescope. • PHARO 1024x1024 near-IR camera, K’ filter (1.95 – 2.30 μm). • 437ms integrations every 880 ms, total 4700 images.

  4. Titan-subtracted images (10 frames sec-1) • 2 refracted images visible throughout each occultation. • No central flash. • Unocculted star provides photometric and astrometric reference.

  5. Best fit isobaric surface implies a polar jet • Best-fit 8th order isobaric surface fit to positions of both stars. • Implies strong winter jet, weaker zonal circulation in summer hemisphere. • Consistent with GCM models (Hourdin et al. 1995, Rannou et al. 2002), though wind speeds are ~40% higher • Huygens drogue chute should be OK!

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