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Post-War America

Post-War America. Return to Nativism. What is nativism ? Why might nativism return to prominence after World War I?. Causes. Isolationism Job shortages=returning soldiers faced unemployment Cost of living doubled Increase in immigration How would this affect American society?.

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Post-War America

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  1. Post-War America

  2. Return to Nativism • What is nativism? • Why might nativism return to prominence after World War I?

  3. Causes • Isolationism • Job shortages=returning soldiers faced unemployment • Cost of living doubled • Increase in immigration • How would this affect American society?

  4. Red Scare • The Russian Revolution scared the crap out of America. • People were terrified that communists might try to start a revolution here. • What is communism? • Why were people so scared? • Some 70,000 radicals formed the Communist Party of America • IWW (International Workers of the World)

  5. The Palmer Raids • U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer’s assault on suspected communists within America. • Carried out throughout 1919 and 1920. • Sought to rid the country of any communist threat. • Largest raid deported 249 suspected communists, socialists, and anarchists to Russia. • Who was targeted?

  6. Red Scare continued • Sacco and Vanzetti • Italian immigrants and professed anarchists • Accused of burglary and murder • Were not given a fair trial due to their political views and immigrant status • Sentenced to death amidst much turmoil • Executed despite substantial public outcry (there were also many supporters of their execution)

  7. More Backlash Against Immigrants • Return of the KKK • Targeted…pretty much everybody (blacks, immigrants, Jews, Catholics, communists, socialists, anarchists) • Membership restricted to “White Gentiles” (WASPs)

  8. Quota Systems • Limited the number of immigrants that could enter America every year. • Specifically targeted Eastern and Southern Europe (quotas weren’t placed on Northern and Western Europe) • Eventually included Japan (meaning we backed out of the Gentlemen’s Agreement) • The Japanese limited emigration to the US already • Strained ties between the two countries

  9. Labor Issues • Growth in unions due to poor working conditions/hours during and after WWI. • Unions were seen by some as bastions of Communism due in part to the IWW. • Failure to reach a compromise on these issues led to many strikes.

  10. Strikes • Strikes became massive conflicts • Companies hired “scabs” (who were often poor immigrant workers) to take the jobs left vacant • The National Guard was often sent in to break up fights between striking union workers, executives, strike-breakers, and scabs.

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