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ESSENTIAL QUESTION:

Explore the history of the Early Israelites, their religion, and the power dynamics that shaped their journey in Canaan. From the covenant with Abraham, the Exodus led by Moses, to the unification of Israel under King David and the subsequent exile, discover how the Israelites maintained their faith and identity amidst slavery, conquests, and dispersal. This captivating narrative reveals the cycle of slavery, exile, and return that led to the formation of a resilient community with a shared purpose.

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ESSENTIAL QUESTION:

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  1. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Who has the Power and how do they keep it?

  2. The Early Israelites • Live in Canaan • Religion/monotheism:belief in one god • Yahweh- god who determined right and wrong • Prophets- messengers who reveal Yahweh’s commands

  3. MAP OF CANAAN

  4. PROPHET ABRAHAM • 1900 BCE- settled in Canaan at the command of Yahweh • Israelites believed that God had made a covenant with Abraham • Covenant- Make a great nation in Canaan and remain faithful to God • Lived as nomads herding sheep and goats

  5. EXODUS • To escape famine, the Israelites migrate to Egypt where they are enslaved • Exodus- 1200 BCE Moses led the slaves into the Sinai Desert (Passover) • In return for their loyalty to the 10 Commandments, God promises a safe return to the land of Canaan • Joshua- prophet who took over for Moses and led the Israelites back to Canaan

  6. Abraham and Moses

  7. Canaan/Unified Israel • Israelites battled the Philistines and Canaanites for control upon arrival • 1020 BCE- King Saul unifies Israel • 1012 BCE- King David establishes Jerusalem as capital city • 961 BCE- King Solomon- lavish spending leads to high taxes • 922 BCE- Division of Israelites * 10 northern tribes (Israel) * 2 southern tribes (Judah)

  8. Beginning of Exile • 722 BCE- Assyrians conquer the 10 tribes causing dispersal of Israelites • 586 BCE- Chaldeans conquer Judah. Enslaved in the capital of Babylon • Prophet Jeremiah leads exile out of Babylon, retaining their religious culture • Israelites now referred to as Jews (Judah)

  9. BABYLON

  10. PERSIANS • 539 BCE- Persians conquer Chaldeans • Jews allowed to return to Judah • 400’s BCE- Torah (Holy Book)- Jewish holy writings. • Diaspora- Scattered communities of Jews exist outside the homeland of Canaan • Many Jews remained in other areas of the Middle East (Despite Persians allowing return)

  11. Cycle of Slavery, Exile, and Return • Jews believe that they have a God- directed purpose that dates back to Abraham • Torah records their history and became sacred * People were held accountable for what they did as individuals and what occurred on earth. * People had a partnership with God: he took care of the heavens, and the people cared for the earth.

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