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Introduction to Combat Orders

Introduction to Combat Orders. MS301. References. FM 3-21.8 FM 7-8 Infantry Platoon and Squad SH 21-76 Ranger Handbook FM 1-02 Operational Terms and Symbols FM 5-0 Army Planning and Orders Production. Three Types of Combat Orders. Warning Order (WARNO) Operations Order (OPORD)

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Introduction to Combat Orders

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  1. Introduction to Combat Orders MS301

  2. References • FM 3-21.8 • FM 7-8 Infantry Platoon and Squad • SH 21-76 Ranger Handbook • FM 1-02 Operational Terms and Symbols • FM 5-0 Army Planning and Orders Production

  3. Three Types of Combat Orders • Warning Order (WARNO) • Operations Order (OPORD) • Fragmentary Order (FRAGO)

  4. WARNO Definition, Uses and Characteristics • A Warning Order (WARNO) is a preliminary notice of an order or action which is to follow • WARNOs help subordinate units and staffs prepare for new missions. They increase subordinates’ planning time, provide details of the impending operation, and detail events that accompany preparation and execution. • While a WARNO informs recipients of tasks they must do now or notifies them of possible future tasks, it however DOES NOT AUTHORIZE EXECUTION UNLESS SPECIFICALLY STATED. • A WARNO does not have specific format however, the OPORD (5 Paragraph) format is a good template / guide, it may include the following information: • The enemy situation and significant intelligence events • The higher unit’s mission • Mission or tasks of the issuing headquarters • The commander’s intent statement • Orders for preliminary actions, including intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations • Coordinating instructions e.g. estimated timelines, OPORD delivery • Service and Support instructions, and special equipment needed, • regrouping of transport, or preliminary unit movements.

  5. OPORD Definition, Uses and Characteristics • An Operations Order (OPORD) is a directive issued by a leader to his subordinates in order to effect the coordinated execution of a specific operation. • The OPORD uses the five-paragraph format to organize the briefing, to ensure completeness, and to help subordinate leaders understand and follow the order. The five paragraphs of the OPORD are: • Situation • Mission • Execution • Sustainment • Command and Control • OPORDs should be briefed in conjunction with a terrain model, concept sketch or supporting resources, along with a map to explain the order. • When possible, such as in the defense, give the order while observing the objective. • The platoon/squad leader briefs his OPORD orally off notes that follow the five-paragraph format.

  6. FRAGO • A Fragmentary Order (FRAGO) is an abbreviated form of an operations order, usually issued on a day-to-day basis that eliminates the need for restating information contained in a basic operations order. • It can be issued in sections. • It is issued after an OPORD to change or modify that order or to execute a branch or sequel to that order. • FRAGOs can be used to; • Communicate changes in the enemy or friendly situation • Task subordinate elements based on changes in the situation • Implement timely changes to existing orders • Provide pertinent extracts from more detailed orders • Provide interim instructions until he can develop a detailed order • Specify instructions for subordinates who do not need a complete order • “No plan survives first contact with the enemy” • VON MOLTKE

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