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CIS 454-01 / 528-01 Introduction to Business GIS Winter 2005 Lecture 2 Dr. David Gadish

CIS 454-01 / 528-01 Introduction to Business GIS Winter 2005 Lecture 2 Dr. David Gadish. Lecture 1 Review. Course outline Course web site Student introduction Introduction to GIS The project. Lecture 2 Agenda. What is GIS? (Review) Start Foundations of GIS Focus on GIS data

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CIS 454-01 / 528-01 Introduction to Business GIS Winter 2005 Lecture 2 Dr. David Gadish

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  1. CIS 454-01 / 528-01Introduction to Business GISWinter 2005Lecture 2Dr. David Gadish

  2. Lecture 1 Review • Course outline • Course web site • Student introduction • Introduction to GIS • The project

  3. Lecture 2 Agenda • What is GIS? (Review) • Start Foundations of GIS • Focus on GIS data • Demo: City of LA Prototype • Hands-on exercises: • Chapter 3 – Exploring ArcMap • Chapter 4 – Exploring ArcCatalog (time permitting) • Your project

  4. What Is GIS ?

  5. What is GIS ? • Geographic Information Systems • G IS • Managing geographic space using information technology • Spatial Information Systems (SIS) • A better term? • Not widely used • Location-based Services (LBS) • Getting more and more popular • Focus on “services”

  6. Benefits of GIS to an Organization • Decreased costs • Increased efficiencies • Increased customer satisfaction • Increased profits

  7. Foundations of GIS

  8. Foundations of GIS • Data • Hardware • Software • Workflows • Science

  9. Geographic Information System People Software Science Data GIS Procedures Hardware

  10. Foundations of GIS Data

  11. Layers Features Surfaces Shape Size Point Line Polygon Coordinate System Scale Attributes Records Fields Relations GIS Data - Key Concepts

  12. Data Layers

  13. GIS Data - Layers • GIS map vs. Paper map • GIS map contains layers: collections of geographic objects that are alike • See image on P-2 • A layer may contain features or a surface • A layer that is a surface: “Oceans” in image on P-2 • A layer of features: cities, rivers…

  14. Data Features

  15. GIS Data - Features • A feature is a vector object • The Cities layer may have thousands of city features. • Features have shape and size • A feature can be represented as a point, line or shape.

  16. GIS Data - Features • Point features: • Location represented as: (x,y) • cities, street lights • Line features: • Start (x0, y0),end ( x1, y1) • road, river

  17. GIS Data - Features • Polygon feature: • (x0, y0), (x1,y1)… (xN,yN) where x0=xN and y0=yN • parcel outline, house outline

  18. Data Surfaces

  19. GIS Data - Surfaces • A layer may contain a surface • Also known as raster layer • This is an array (grid) of measured values for various locations on the earth’s surface • See 3 images at the bottom of P-3 • Each grid cell represents a unit of surface area • E.g. 5meters X 5meters

  20. Feature Location

  21. GIS Data – Feature Location • Features have locations on earth • GIS uses a grid to place a feature in the appropriate location on the map • A coordinate system is a grid that has an origin (0,0) location • Locations are specified as (x,y) values at an x horizontal distance, and y vertical distance from the origin location • See figure on P-4

  22. Scale of Displayed Features

  23. GIS Data – Scale of Displayed Features • Can zoom in to see features at a closer range. • The zoom action changes the scale of the map • Scale: the relationship between the size of features on the map, and the size of the corresponding places in the real world • 1:1,000,000 means features on map are one million times smaller than their true size • See figure on P-5

  24. Attributes of Features

  25. GIS Data – Feature’s Attributes • Information about features in a layer are stored in a table • The table has a record (row) for each feature in the layer • The table has a field (column) for each category of information – these categories are called attributes • The table is known as the attribute table of a layer (see image on bottom of P-6)

  26. Relations between Features

  27. GIS Data – Spatial Relations • Features have spatial relations • Can ask questions about features, but also can ask questions about relations between features: • E.g. which roads cross Main St. ? • Which state’s capital city is closest to LA ?

  28. Examples of Data Layers

  29. Common Feature Data Layers • Road centerline layer • Zip code polygon layer • Control layer • Survey layer • Property boundaries (cadastral) layer • Building outline layer • Others? Business related layers?

  30. Common Surface Data Layers • Temperatures layer • Elevations layer • Terrain layer • Others?

  31. More Foundations of GIS • Next week we will look at the remaining issues: • Hardware • Software • Workflows • Science

  32. GIS Demo

  33. Demo • Teaching Assistant: Juan Herrera • Demo of City of LA initial GIS Infrastructure Prototype

  34. Hands-on Exercises Chapter 3 – Exploring ArcMap

  35. Chapter 3 – Exploring ArcMap • ArcMap: map display, analysis and some editing. • Introduction to the interface of ArcMap (P-15) • Main menu • Toolbars • Table of content (on left) • Map Display (on right)

  36. Chapter 3 – Exploring ArcMap • Objectives: • 3a: Display map data • 3b: Navigate a map • 3c: Looking at feature attributes

  37. 3a: Display Map Data • Start ArcMap • Open an existing map file: .mxd • Turn display of layers on/off • Zoom in / Zoom out • Pan • Identify features • View full extent

  38. 3b: Navigate a Map • Create / use bookmarks for navigation • Measure distances

  39. 3c: Looking at Feature Attributes • Open an attribute table corresponding to a later: • A feature on the map corresponds to an attribute in the attribute table • Select an attribute  corresponding feature selected (P-42)

  40. Questions ?

  41. Your Project

  42. Your Project – Key Objectives • Apply the knowledge you gain in this course to a real-world organization. • Show how using the GIS technology you learn in this course improves a particular organization. • Select a company (or sector), research, determine and document the extent of its current use of GIS technology. • Propose new, GIS-related, ideas which will further enhance the organization (organization).

  43. Your Project • Graduate students expected to explore their topics to a substantially greater depth then undergraduate students. • Individually meet with each student to define topic and scope. • Project proposal due just before class in 2 weeks. • 5% of your final course grade. • Refer to the “Project Requirements” doc.

  44. Your Turn: Hands-on • Project meeting with students while you do the hands-on exercises in the book.

  45. Web Links

  46. Web Sites of the Week • A gateway to many GIS resources www.geoplace.com • If you find interesting GIS links, email me for inclusion in next lecture’s notes.

  47. Looking Forward

  48. Next Week’s Agenda • Continue: Foundations of GIS • (Data), Hardware, Software, Workflows, Science • A survey of the GIS industry (time permitting) • Hands-on exercises: • Chapter 8 – Querying Data (8a and 8b only) • Chapter 9 – Joining and Relating Tables (time permitting)

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