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On this date in history…

On this date in history…. May 7 th 1840 Composer Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born in Votkinsk , Russia 1939 Germany and Italy announced a military and political alliance , the Rome-Berlin Axis

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On this date in history…

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  1. On this date in history… May 7th • 1840 Composer Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born in Votkinsk, Russia • 1939 Germany and Italy announced a military and political alliance, the Rome-Berlin Axis • 1945 Germany signed an unconditional surrender at Allied headquarters in Rheims, France, to take effect the following day, ending the European conflict of World War II • 1992 A 203-year-old proposed constitutional amendment barring Congress from giving itself a midterm pay raise was ratified when Michigan became the 38th state to approve it

  2. American Civil Rights

  3. Civil Rights and the Declaration of Independence We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

  4. Pre-test: How Laws Work • Why do Federal laws trump State laws? • The Supremacy Clause • What amendment gave non-whites the right to vote? • The 15th Amendment • What amendment gave women the right to vote? • The 19th Amendment • Who was specifically excluded from protections of the 14th Amendment? • “Indians not taxed” • In what year did the voting age change from 21 to 18? • 1970 • 1970

  5. Pre-test: How Laws Work • Why do Federal laws trump State laws? • The Supremacy Clause • What amendment gave non-whites the right to vote? • The 15th Amendment • What amendment gave women the right to vote? • The 19th Amendment • Who was specifically excluded from protections of the 14th Amendment? • “Indians not taxed” • In what year did the voting age change from 21 to 18? • 1970 • 1970

  6. Civil Rights and the Constitution

  7. Civil Rights and the Constitution

  8. The Supremacy ClauseArticle VI, paragraph 2: This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding.

  9. Civil Rights under Federal Law • What are the steps for asserting civil rights under Federal law?

  10. Civil Rights under Federal Law • What are the steps for changing civil rights under Federal law? • The law is implemented (Legislative branch) • The law is enforced (Executive branch) • The law is upheld as Constitutional or overturned (Judicial branch)

  11. Civil Rights under Federal Law • Example of how it works: • The 14th Amendment to the Constitution is adopted and it requires equal protection under the law for all citizens. • The plaintiffs in Brown v. Board of Education claim that segregation of schools violates the equal protection clause of 14th Amendment. • The Supreme Court rules that segregation in education specifically violates the equal protection clause and orders desegregation of public school systems. • Some states refuse to desegregate and the federal government has to step in to enforce the law.

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