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Automobile. Steering an Automobile. Contents 1 Introduction 2 Wheeled vehicle steering 2.1 Basic geometry 2.2 Rack and pinion, recirculating ball, worm and sector 2.3 Power steering 2.4 Speed Sensitive Steering 2.5 Four-wheel steering 2.5.1 Active four-wheel steering
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Steering an Automobile • Contents • 1 Introduction • 2 Wheeled vehicle steering • 2.1 Basic geometry • 2.2 Rack and pinion, recirculating ball, worm and sector • 2.3 Power steering • 2.4 Speed Sensitive Steering • 2.5 Four-wheel steering • 2.5.1 Active four-wheel steering • 2.5.1.1 Production cars with active four wheel steering • 2.5.1.2 Crab steering • 2.5.2 Passive rear wheel steering • 2.6 Articulated steering • 2.7 Rear wheel steering • 2.8 Steer-by-wire • 2.9 Safety • 2.10 Cycles
First Question? Always!
Your Guess is as good as mine. • When students interact with me for the first time to study a course ; • I normally begin with a question. • What should be this Question?
Thinking • They would all answer. YES. • This is always a healthy, positive, good sign. • A great philosopher(Descartes) once said” I think, so I am”. • My next question, however, gets a mixed response, always. • What is this next question?
Thinking • Modern psychologists do not agree on any one definition of the term, but all agree that thinking is a mental activity involving the use of symbols, such as words or images.
Thinking • The development of automation, especially in regard to automatic control systems, has led some researchers to claim that the term thinking can be properly applied to the activity of such machines as computers.
Let’s think • Using two Cans of water with capacity 3 and 5 liters, can we have exactly 4 liters of water in the Can of 5 liters. • Initially the Cans are empty. • There is no shortage of water. • You can not use any measuring device.
A RiddleLet’s Be a thinker • Fill the 5 litre can from the tapEmpty the 5 litre can into the 3 litre can - leaving 2 liters in the 5 litre can.Pour away the contents of the 3 litre can.Fill the 3 litre can with the 2 liters from the 5 litre can - leaving 2 liters in the 3 litre can.Fill the 5 litre can from the tap.Fill the remaining 1 litre space in the 3 litre can from the 5 litre can.Leaving 4 liters in the 5 litre can.
Two Parts of Mind • 4.7 * 4.7 • Write all the steps to solve this problem. • How many steps?
Alternate Solution • How many steps?
Am I a thinker? • Yes! • I am a thinker, so I am. • My last 20 years. • 15 Years before that. • 35 years of being a thinker. • The lesson. I learned from my teachers. • I pass on to you.
Do we need Thinkers. • Probable answer should be. Yes! • Why?
Out of this time. • Because! • They remember their past. • Know their present. • They can think out of the present and into the future.