Tattoos, Body Piercings and Tanning

1. Tattoos, Body Piercingsand Tanning

5. What is a tattoo? • A tattoo is a puncture wound, made deep in your skin, that's filled with ink. • It's made by penetrating your skin with a needle and injecting ink into the area, usually creating some sort of design.

8. Getting a tattoo can hurt, but the level of pain may vary. Some people describe the tattoo sensation as “tingling”. It all depends on your pain threshold, how good the tattoo artist is where exactly on your body you're getting the tattoo Does it hurt?

9. If You're Thinking About It Safety should be your #1 Concern

10. Before you get a tattoo… • Make sure you're up to date with your immunizations (hepatitis B C /tetanus) • Plan where you'll get medical care if your tattoo becomes infected.

11. How do you know it is infected? • Excessive redness or tenderness around the tattoo • Prolonged bleeding • Changes in your skin color around the tattoo after the healing period is “over”

13. How do you know the Studio is Reputable? • Studio has an autoclave machine. You should be allowed to watch as equipment is sterilized in the autoclave. • Check that the tattoo artist is a licensed practitioner. • Look around for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Universal Precautions. These are regulations that outline procedures to be followed when dealing with bodily fluids (in this case, blood).

14. What is the procedure like? • Tattoo artist will wash hands with soap • Area on body will be cleaned and disinfected. • Tattoo artist will put on clean gloves and possibly a surgical mask. • Tattoo artist explain sterilization procedure to you and open up the single-use, sterilized equipment (such as needles, etc.). • Using the tattoo machine the artist will begin drawing an outline of the tattoo under your skin.

15. Outline will be cleaned with antiseptic soap and water. • Sterile, thicker needles will be installed on the tattoo machine, and the tattoo artist will start shading the design. After cleaning the area again, color will be injected. • Any blood will be removed by a sterile, disposable cloth or towel. • When finished, the area, now sporting a finished tattoo, will be cleaned once again and a bandage will be applied.

16. NOW WHAT? A lot of people love their tattoos and keep them forever. But others decide a couple of years down the road that they really don't like that rose on their ankle or snake on their bicep anymore. Or maybe you broke up with your boyfriend or girlfriend and no longer want his or her initials on your stomach.

17. How much does it cost to remove? • Tattoo _$30.00_ = Removal _$3 000_

18. How do you Remove it? • Removing a tattoo with a laser can be uncomfortable and can feel a lot like getting a tattoo. The entire process usually takes several months. • Just like when you get a tattoo, you must look after the wound area after a tattoo is removed. • Laser tattoo removal is usually effective for the most part, but there can be some side effects like scars and bruising.

19. Create It Where would you get it? What is it? Why is it in a good spot? Why is it a good design? JEM

21. Body Piercing A body piercing is exactly that — a piercing or puncture made in your body by a needle. After that, a piece of jewelry is inserted into the puncture. The most popular pierced body parts seem to be the ears, the nostrils, and the belly button. Could you name more body parts?

22. What can you expect? • The area you've chosen to be pierced (except for the tongue) is cleaned with a germicidal soap (a soap that kills disease-causing bacteria and microorganisms). • Your skin is then punctured with a very sharp, clean needle. • The piece of jewelry, which has already been sterilized, is attached to the area.

23. The person performing the piercing disposes of the needle in a special container so that there is no risk of the needle or blood touching someone else. • The pierced area is cleaned. • The person performing the piercing checks and adjusts the jewelry. • The person performing the piercing gives you instructions on how to make sure your new piercing heals correctly and what to do if there is a problem.

24. What now? • If you're thinking about getting pierced, do your research first. If you're under 18, some places won't allow you to get a piercing without a parent's consent. • It's a good idea to find out what risks are involved and how best to protect yourself from infections and other complications.

25. Making Sure the Piercing Shop Is Safe and Sanitary • the shop is clean • the person doing the piercing washes his or her hands with a germicidal soap • the person doing the piercing wears fresh disposable gloves (like those worn at a doctor's office) • the person doing the piercing uses disposable or sterilized instruments

26. the person doing the piercing does not use a piercing gun (they're not sterile) • the needle being used is new and is being used for the first time • the needle is disposed of in a special sealedcontainer after the piercing • there are procedures for the proper handling and disposal of waste (like needles or gauze with blood on them)

27. Only nontoxic metals should be used for body piercings, such as: • surgical steel • solid 14-karat or 18-karat gold • niobium • titanium • platinum

28. Some Health Risks • chronic infection • uncontrollable or prolonged bleeding • scarring • hepatitis B and C • tetanus • skin allergies to the jewelry that's used • abscesses or boils (collections of pus that can form under your skin at the site of the piercing) • inflammation or nerve damage

29. Taking Sides Are you for a against tattoos and piercings? In your spiral note book make some points for your argument.

31. How does Tanning work? • The sun's rays contain two types of ultraviolet radiation that reach your skin: UVA and UVB. UVB radiation burns the upper layers of skin (the epidermis), causing sunburns. • UVA radiation is what makes people tan. UVA rays penetrate to the lower layers of the epidermis, where they trigger cells called melanocytes (pronounced: mel-an-oh-sites) to produce melanin. Melanin is the brown pigment that causes tanning.

32. Melanin is the body's way of protecting skin from burning. Darker-skinned people tan more deeply than lighter-skinned people because their melanocytes produce more melanin. But just because a person doesn't burn does not mean that he or she is also protected against skin cancer and other problems.

33. Why is tanning BAD for you? • The UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin than UVB rays. UVA rays can go all the way through the skin's protective epidermis to the dermis, where blood vessels and nerves are found. • Because of this, UVA rays may damage a person's immune system, making it harder to fight off diseases and leading to illnesses like melanoma, the most serious (and deadly) type of skin cancer.

34. Melanoma can kill. • Exposure to UVB rays also increases your risk of getting two other types of skin cancer: basal and squamous cell carcinoma. • UVA damage to the dermis is the main factor in premature skin aging. • UV rays can also lead to another problem we associate with old people: the eye problem cataracts.

35. How to Protect Yourself? • Wear sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 every day, even on cloudy days • Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen that blocks both UVA and UVB rays. • Reapply sunscreen every 2 to 3 hours and after swimming or sweating. • Take frequent breaks. The sun's rays are strongest between 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM. • Wear a hat with a brim and sunglasses that provide almost 100% protection against ultraviolet radiation.

36. You probably know that water is a major reflector of UV radiation — but so is snow. Snow skiing and other winter activities carry significant risk of sunburn, so always apply sunblock before hitting the slopes. • Certain medications, such as antibiotics used to treat acne and birth control pills, can increase your sun sensitivity. • Avoid tanning "accelerators" or tanning pills that claim to speed up the body's production of melanin or darken the skin. There's no proof that they work and they aren't approved by government agencies for tanning purposes.

37. TPT clip • http://publichealthlive.blip.tv/file/1896740/#