This Week’s Agenda (10/14-18)

1. Thursday Civil Disobedience and the Boston Massacre Friday Colonial Grievances in the Declaration of Independence This Week’s Agenda (10/14-18) Monday - Enlightenment and other events leading to the Revolution Tuesday Events leading to Revolution continued Wednesday Events cont.

2. Thursday Civil Disobedience and the Boston Massacre Friday Colonial Grievances in the Declaration of Independence This Week’s Agenda (Pre-AP: 10/14-18) Monday - Enlightenment and other events leading to the Revolution Tuesday Events leading to Revolution continued Wednesday Events cont.

3. Monday Reading:Adventure Tales of America • Read Pgs. 90-91 about the ideas and role of the Enlightenment • Then, pgs. 117-124 “Road to Revolution” to see some different perspective on causes

4. The Enlightenment Also called the “Age of Reason” Moves away from “tradition” in favor of “reason” or “rationale” “freedom to use one’s own intelligence” -Immanuel Kant

5. Famous figures associated with Enlightenment: • John Locke/ Thomas Hobbes: social contract theory • François-Marie Arouet (Voltaire): universal freedoms • Sir Isaac Newton: Laws of Motion (gravity) • Lord Kelvin: absolute zero • Adam Smith: Wealth of Nations Affects science, religion, government, society… pretty much everything!!!!

6. Events before the Revolution:The Sugar Act- 1764 • put a three-cent tax on foreign refined sugar • also affected coffee, indigo, and certain wine • banned importation of rum and French wines • these taxes affected only a small (but very vocal) part of the population • one of the first instances in which colonists were angered by not having a say in how much they were taxed

7. Events before the Revolution:The Stamp Act- 1765 • required a stamp on every kind of legal paper • official documents • newspapers • pamphlets • first act/tax specifically aimed at the colonists • (they respond with hostility and force!)

8. Events before the Revolution:The Stamp Act Congress- 1765 • “No taxation without representation!” • James Otis “taxation w/o…is tyranny” • individual colonies have been ignored long enough • calls for an intercolonial conference to voice their concerns • Stamp Act Resolves deliver message to Parliament (along with protests and boycotts) • First step in union among the colonies: realize they have more in common than previously thought!

9. Events before the Revolution:The Townshend Acts- 1767 • series of laws taxing: • Glass • Lead • Paper • paint • Met again with protests, again repealed by Parliament

10. Vocabulary: Repeal in terms of a law, to revoke, annul, remove or reverse

11. Boston begins to brew NOT LIKE THAT!!!

12. Boston begins to brew Nowhere was the tension higher than in Boston!!! Why? Patriots!!! (not those kind either!) Patriot: a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors

13. 1770- The Boston Massacre Dozens of angry townspeople crowd the street outside the customs house(tax collector’s office) When reinforcements were called- they became angrier… In the confusion- a soldier fires…

14. 1770- The Boston Massacre 5 colonists dead, including Crispus Attucks, a former slave Trials are held, but all of the accused get insignificant, or NO punishment!!

15. The Boston Massacre: Anonymous account of events This party in proceeding from Exchange lane into King street, must pass the sentry posted at the westerly corner of the Custom House, which butts on that lane and fronts on that street. This is needful to be mentioned, as near that spot and in that street the bloody tragedy was acted, and the street actors in it were stationed: their station being but a few feet from the front side of the said Custom House. The outrageous behavior and the threats of the said party occasioned the ringing of the meeting-house bell near the head of King street, which bell ringing quick, as for fire, it presently brought out a number of inhabitants, who being soon sensible of the occasion of it, were naturally led to King street, where the said party had made a stop but a little while before, and where their stopping had drawn together a number of boys, round the sentry at the Custom House…

16. …whether the boys mistook the sentry for one of the said party, and thence took occasion to differ with him, or whether he first affronted them, which is affirmed in several depositions,-however that may be, there was much foul language between them, and some of them, in consequence of his pushing at them with his bayonet, threw snowballs at him, which occasioned him to knock hastily at the door of the Custom House. From hence two persons thereupon proceeded immediately to the main-guard, which was posted opposite to the State House, at a small distance, near the head of the said street. The officer on guard was Capt. Preston, who with seven or eight soldiers, with fire-arms and charged bayonets, issued from the guardhouse, and in great haste posted himself and his soldiers in front of the Custom House, near the corner aforesaid. – Anonymous, "An Account of the Boston Massacre," (1770)

17. COATS • Captions • Objects • Action • Time • Summary

18. Burning of the HMS Gaspee- 1772 • A British schooner sent to enforce unpopular customs • Gave chase and was stranded in shallows off the coast of RI • Soldiers taken prisoner and the ship burned

19. The Tea Act/Boston Tea Party-1773 Read the passage “Excerpts from George Hewes Eyewitness Account” of the event and answer the questions on the next slide. This will be a grade!

20. The Tea Act/Boston Tea Party-1773 • According to his biography, what position did George Hewes hold within the Boston community? • How did Mr. Hewes describe his outfit while involved in the Boston Tea Party? • Describe the damage that the Patriots inflicted upon the three ships. • What was it like as the protestors left the ships? 5. Look at the Adventure Tales cartoon on the Boston Tea Party (pg. 124). List 3 differences that you see in the cartoon that was not in the above primary source.

21. The Tea Act/Boston Tea Party-1773(Pre-AP) Civil Disobedience is defined by Webster’s Dictionary as the, “refusal to obey governmental demands or commands especially as a nonviolent and usually collective means of forcing concessions from the government”. • In which ways is the Boston Tea Party an example of Civil Disobedience? • Compare and contrast the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party as examples of colonial protest. • In your opinion, were the colonists justified in protesting the acts of Parliament following the French and Indian War?

22. Coercive/ Intolerable Acts- 1774 Coerce: to persuade an unwilling person to do something by force or threat Collective name for 4 acts of Parliament passed in 1774 Intolerable: unable to be endured, unbearable, impossible to handle Nickname given by colonists for the so-called coercive acts

23. Coercive/ Intolerable Acts- 1774 Massachusetts Government Act Restructured the Mass. government to have less local control Boston Port Act Closed Boston’s ports until damages were paid and responsible parties punished for Boston Tea Party Quebec Act Extended property claims for the province of Quebec in to the Ohio River Valley, cutting off colonial attempts at expansion Administration of Justice Act Allowed for all trials of soldiers and British officials to take place in Britain, not the colonies

24. Also 1774- The Quartering Act (amended) Allowed for the “quartering” of British soldiers in colonial homes at the homeowners expense

25. COATS- “Tarringand Feathering” • Captions • Objects • Action • Time • Summary