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CHAPTER 15, QUESTION #11

CHAPTER 15, QUESTION #11. Presented by: Charlene & Natascia. THE QUESTION:. Given are four different clinical case studies (Case A-D) Need to mainly determine two things for each case: 1. Which enzyme is most likely defective 2. What would be the most appropriate treatment.

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CHAPTER 15, QUESTION #11

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  1. CHAPTER 15, QUESTION #11 Presented by: Charlene & Natascia

  2. THE QUESTION: • Given are four different clinical case studies (Case A-D) • Need to mainly determine two things for each case: • 1. Which enzyme is most likely defective • 2. What would be the most appropriate treatment

  3. LIST OF VARIOUS ENZYMES

  4. LIST OF VARIOUS TREATMENTS

  5. CASE A • The patient develops vomiting and diarrhea shortly after milk ingestion. • A lactose tolerance test is given • The patient’s blood glucose and galactose concentrations do not increase during the test • Questions: • Why do blood glucose and galactose increase then decrease during the test in healthy individuals? • Why do they fail to rise in the patient? • Answers: • (f) Lactase in intestinal mucosa & 3. Low-lactose Diet

  6. CASE B • The patient develops vomiting and diarrhea after ingestion of milk. • His blood is found to have a low concentration of glucose but a much higher than normal concentration of reducing sugars. • The urine tests positive for galactose. • Questions: • Why is the concentration of reducing sugar in the blood high? • Why does galactose appear in the urine? • Answers: • (c) Galactose 1-phosphate uridylytransferase & 3. Low-lactose diet

  7. CASE C • The patient complains of painful muscle cramps when performing strenuous physical exercise but has no other symptoms. • A muscle biopsy indicates a muscle glycogen concentration much higher than normal. • Question: • Why does glycogen accumulate? • Answers: • (h) Muscle debranching enzyme & 4. Avoid strenuous exercise

  8. CASE D • The patient is lethargic, her liver is enlarged and a biopsy of the liver shows large amounts of excess glycogen. • She also has a lower than normal blood glucose level. • Question: • What is the reason for the low blood glucose in this patient? • Answers: • (d) Liver glycogen phosphorylase & 6. Frequent feedings (smaller portions) of a normal diet

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