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Climate-Induced Hydrologic and Geochemical Modifications in Alluvial and Coastal Watersheds

Climate-Induced Hydrologic and Geochemical Modifications in Alluvial and Coastal Watersheds. Ming-Kuo Lee James Saunders Ashraf Uddin Chandana Mitra Li Dong Yingru Li Luke Marzen Department of Geology and Geography, Auburn University. Global Climate Change.

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Climate-Induced Hydrologic and Geochemical Modifications in Alluvial and Coastal Watersheds

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  1. Climate-Induced Hydrologic and Geochemical Modifications in Alluvial and Coastal Watersheds Ming-Kuo Lee James Saunders Ashraf Uddin Chandana Mitra Li Dong Yingru Li Luke Marzen Department of Geology and Geography, Auburn University

  2. Global Climate Change Climate change is changing water availability & quality!! Extreme Climate Events Warmer atmosphere Reduce Ice Volume Strong evaporation Higher water temperature Extreme droughts Intensive precipitation Rivers dry up Sea level rise Runoff  Dissol oxygen  Water salinity  Human pollutants releases Coastal erosion, flooding, saltwater intrusion Water shortage for drinking & irrigation flooding Water quality  Water availability 

  3. Sea level and ocean temperature change since Pliocene (3 Ma) Pleistocene glaciation b. Holocene warm up Sosdian and Rosenthal (2009, Science)

  4. Natural Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in Holocene Alluvial Aquifers (WHO: the worst environmental health crisis of modern time) Is Climate Change to Blame? Bangladesh Wells: Drinking water “tube” wells (10-75 m of depth): 10 million 27% with As > 50 µg/L (BGS data) arsenic-affected population: 10 µg/L: 57 million 50 µg/L:35 million arsenical dermatitis:1 million cancer deaths:> 200,000 (NSF funded research, 06-08, 11-12, 14-17) (Shamsudduha et al., 2008)

  5. Holocene Slow flushing Sea Level Rise Pliocene- Pleistocene (120ka-12ka) Fast flushing oxidized Fast hydrologic flushing Fe-reducing Arsenic is mobilized under sluggish and reducing geochemical conditions 2MnO2 + 4FeO(OH)*As + 2CH2O + 10H+ 2Mn2+ + 4Fe2+ + 2HCO3- + 8H2O + As(III) (Lee et al., 2013)

  6. The monthly global mean sea level (1880 to 2009) Rate from 1993 to 2009: 3.44 mm/year Average rate from 1880 to 2009: 1.94 mm/year Church and White (2011) • Slow arsenic flushing in alluvial aquifers will likely continue if this acceleration of sea-level rise remains its current course • Will sea level rise and saltwater intrusion • mobilize more arsenic?

  7. NASA Innovations in Climate Education (NICE) • $600k funding to develop and implement new • education modules into the existing course of study • for 6-12 grade science classroom (Dr. Wooten’s legacy) • Generate a better informed public that understand • the consequences of climate change • learning activities include field data collection, • computer simulations, and laboratory measurement. • Teachers are trained in the use of these modules • through partnership with Alabama Science in Motion • Host Global Climate Change in Education • Symposium in 2012 • Education modules were published in Springer’s • Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation (2012, 2014)

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