Information, Monitoring & MRV for REDD+ in Indonesia: The UN-REDD Approach

1. Information, Monitoring & MRV for REDD+ in Indonesia: The UN-REDD Approach Joel Scriven REDD+ After Cancun: Moving from Negotiation to Implementation 10 May 2011, Douala

2. Outline • The UN-REDD Programme • Information, monitoring & MRV • Approach in Indonesia (and generally in Asia Pacific) • Challenges to date

3. The UN-REDD Programme • Established in 2008 by UNDP, UNEP and FAO • UNFCCC Bali Action Plan • Offers UN Joint Program: Delivering as One UN • Agreed delivery platform with FCPF and FIP • Supports countries to benefit from REDD+ • Facilitate international cooperation; • Support countries through the development of the three REDD+ phases; • Capacity building and strengthening; • FAO: Focus on technical monitoring and MRV aspects

4. The UN-REDD Programme MRV and Monitoring REDD+ Governance Stakeholder Engagement Multiple Benefits of forests/REDD+ Transparent Equitable Accountable Management of REDD+ Payments REDD+ as Catalyst of Green Economy

5. The UN-REDD Programme

6. Following (& Translating) UNFCCC Decisions • Two UNFCCC Decision texts: • Decision 4/CP.15 on methodological guidance for REDD+; • Decision 1/CP.16 Section II Chap. C on policy approaches for REDD+. • Key points: • Use of International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidance and Guidelines; • System for providing information on REDD+ safeguards (Information); • Set-up of robust and transparent national forest monitoring systems (Monitoring and MRV); • Phased approach (1. Readiness; 2. Demonstration activities; 3. Fully MRV’ed national activities).

7. REDD+ Safeguards Information System • Parties must develop a system for providing information on how REDD+ safeguards are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of REDD+ activities: • Consistent with the objectives of NFPs and international agreements; • Transparent and effective national forest governance structures; • Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities; • The full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders; • Consistent with the conservation of natural forests and biological diversity; • Actions to address the risks of reversals (permanence); • Actions to reduce displacement of emissions (leakage). • Need to make this information accessible to all stakeholders during all implementation activities (Phases 2 and 3).

8. Monitoring Systems • In Phase 2 of REDD+: • Demonstration Activities Monitoring System: Ensure that subnational demonstration activities are results-based (i.e., result in measureable positive outcomes); • Provides basic national coverage data, e.g., forest cover changes and the location of fires (feeds into REDD+ Safeguards Information System); • E.g. Brazil’s PRODES TERRA-AMAZON • In Phase 3 of REDD+: • National Performance Monitoring System: Ensures that the implementation of national policies and measures on all the national territory are results-based (for the country to check how successful their policies and measures are and international transparency).

9. Measurement, Reporting& Verification LULUCF Inventory UNFCCC Inventory compilation QA/QC Emission Inventory Database R M 2005 REDD+ GHG Inventory ACTIVITY DATA Satellite land monitoring system EMISSION FACTOR National Forest Inventory x = V UNFCCC Secretariat Roster of Experts

10. Phases & Elements: Bringing it all together... Phase I Readiness Phase II Results-based demonstration activities Phase III Payments for verified performance REDD+ PHASES Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 6 Year 7 Year 5 Capacity building & development REDD+ Safeguards Information System REDD+ Safeguards Information System National Performance Monitoring System Demonstration Activities Monitoring System INFO, MON & MRV PHASES MRV System SLMS: AD NFI: EF GHG-I: CO2e SLMS

11. Global Significance of Indonesia’s Forests • 3rd largest tropical forest area, peatlands; high deforestation rates Hansen et al., South Dakota State University

12. Approach to Implementation in Indonesia • Follow phases • Phase 1: Readiness • Partnerships (e.g. Norway) • Extensive technical consultations • Develop Action Plan, including institutional arrangements: Build on existing capacities and expertise • Presidential Decree to enact Action Plan – including creation of new institutions and steering committees • Hire and train technical staff

13. Approach to Implementation in Indonesia • Phase 2: Transition, implementation & capacity building • Implementation: • National policies and measures (e.g., logging moratorium) • Demonstration Activities Monitoring System for subnational pilot activities (e.g., Central Kalimantan) • REDD+ Safeguards Information System • Capacity building: • SLMS (data and image collection, processing and analysis) • NFI (training of field teams, data management, processing and storage) • REDD+ GHG inventory (standardization of all official data, reporting requirements)

14. Approach to Implementation in Indonesia • Phase 3: Payments for verified performance • Integration of REDD+ with other mitigation actions • Fully operational MRV System to report REDD+ mitigation performance in CO2e: Payment linked to performance • REDD+ reporting requirements consistent with NAMAs (paragraphs 60 & 61, 1/CP.16): • National Communications every four years • Update reports every two years • REDD+ Safeguards Information System (ongoing) • Demonstration Activities Monitoring System  National Performance Monitoring System

15. Challenges • International context • Limited knowledge of negotiation outcomes • Institutional • Gaining national consensus • Coordination • Of international support • Distribution of tasks • Technical • Communicating and building lasting technical knowledge • Logistical • Extending training across Provinces

16. Thank you for your attention Contact: joel.scriven@fao.org