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Russia : The Empire of the Czars. Main Idea. Russia was ruled as an autocracy (absolute authority), culturally diverse, economically depressed Attempts to revolt failed and Russia remains under Czarist control Nationalism fails at this time . Alexander I. Rules from 1801 to 1825
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Main Idea Russia was ruled as an autocracy (absolute authority), culturally diverse, economically depressed Attempts to revolt failed and Russia remains under Czarist control Nationalism fails at this time
Alexander I Rules from 1801 to 1825 Attempted to reform Autocracy When he died, the military attempted to take power. This was the Decembrist Revolt Two results: Those who died were considered martyrs His son, Nicholas I crushed any opposition
Nicholas I Secret Police find and eliminate all opposition to the Czar. Repression of democracy and change. He dies in 1855
Alexander II Known as Czar Liberator for freeing the Serfs Needed labor for Industrialization Zemstovs run local politics Anarchists, Nihilists and Populists oppose the Czar’s reforms Czar is killed in 1881
Alexander III Reverses reforms of his Father Attempts nationalism thru Russification Begins Pogroms to eliminate differences He dies in 1894
Nicholas II Takes power in 1894 Revolutionary mood sweeps Russia Followers of Karl Marx’s Communism lead protests Divided between Mensheviks and Bolsheviks Moderate vs. Radical Bloody Sunday, January 22, 1905
Response by the Czar Workers seized control of the cities and demanded change. Nicholas II announces the election of a Duma Nicholas issued the October Manifesto Before the Duma could act, Nicholas dissolved it. By the beginning of W.W.I, the problems of Russia were not only unsolved but intensified