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Consonants The stops and continuants . Chapter five . Voiced and voiceless consonants. You have vibration at your throat while producing voiced consonant s. Voiceless : /p/, /t/, /k/,/f/, /s/, / θ /, /ʃ/, / tʃ /, /h/ Voiced : /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /z/, /ð/, /ʒ/, / dʒ /.
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ConsonantsThe stops and continuants Chapter five
Voiced and voiceless consonants • You have vibration at your throat while producing voiced consonants. • Voiceless: /p/, /t/, /k/,/f/, /s/, /θ/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /h/ • Voiced: /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /z/, /ð/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/
1- The stop consonants • /p/, /b/ Stop the airflow by holding your lips together. Then part the lips quickly to release the airflow with sudden pressure. • /t/,/d/ Place your tongue tip on the alveolar ridge to stop the airflow. Then lower the tip sharply to release the airflow • /k/,/g/ Raise the back of your tongue against the palate to stop the airflow. Drop the tongue quickly to release the airflow with sudden pressure.
Aspiration with the stops • At the beginning of words, stop consonants are released with a slight burst of air. The sound of air produced is called aspiration. ten-den pin- bin come-gum • At the end of words stop consonants are not aspirated. They are released softly At add cap cab back bag Page 5.6
Middle stop consonant is aspirated when it begins a stressed syllable Appear-upper occur-acre Upon-open become-backup Practice pages 5.8- 5.10
Linking: consonants with consonants • In English speech, identical consonants between words are produced as one. Good day what time? Take care • To link different stop consonants hold the airflow on the first one and release it on the second. Big time lap top neck tie Page: 5.11
The suffix –ed • The suffix –ed is pronounced /t/ after voiceless consonants and /d/ after voiced consonants. Backed bagged roped robed Page 5.11 Page 5.17 (very important)
2- Continuant consonants • /θ/, /ð/ The tongue is flattened. Raise the sides against the upper side teeth. Place the tongue tip below the upper front teeth. The airflow must be continuous. /θ/ thank, thick, bath /ð/ this, that, those Pages: 5.19-5.22
Sound clusters • When /θ/ follows /n/, place the tongue tip for /n/ in the same place as /θ/. With the tongue tip between the upper and the lower teeth. 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th.
2- Continuant consonants • /f/,/v/ Place the bottom lip under the front upper teeth, allowing a passage for a continuous airflow. Face- vase leaf-leave safe-save
Suffix –s -s is voiceless after /f/, and it is voiced after /v/ Proofs- proves safes- saves waifs-waves Page: 5.27