DOE/NNSA Nuclear/Radiological Emergency Response Assets

1. DOE/NNSA Nuclear/Radiological Emergency Response Assets Steven M. Johnson Regional Response Coordinator RAP Region 2 U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration

3. Authorities • Atomic Energy Act – Establishes Civilian control of weapons program and establishes custody of SNM and nuclear weapons • Presidential Decision Directive 39 – DOE will maintain a robust capability to respond to nuclear terrorism • Presidential Decision Directive 62 – DOE provides technical support for NCR WMD response • National Response Plan – DOE will maintain and improve search, access, diagnostics, render-safe and consequence management capabilities • NSPD 17/HSPD 4 – DOE will bolster WMD and counter-proliferation activities • Executive Order 12656 – DOE will conduct national security emergency preparedness planning, ensure continuity of nuclear weapons production, assure the security of nuclear materials weapons or devices in DOE possession • HSPD 5 – DHS is principal Federal agency in domestic incident management and will construct a NRF, Attorney General in lead for investigation of terrorist acts

4. CM Mission • Provide timely, high-quality predictions, measurements, analyses, and assessments to promote efficient and effective emergency response for the protection of the public from the consequences of nuclear or radiological incidents. • Mission space includes any deliberate or accidental incident that results in a real, potential, or perceived release of radioactive material that exceeds the capacity of local responders (e.g. nuclear detonation, RDD, nuclear facility accident, weapon accident).

5. Radiological Assistance Program (RAP)

6. Mission Statement Provide first-responder radiological assistance to protect the health and safety of the general public and the environment. Assist other Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies in the detection, identification and analysis, and response to events involving the use of radiological/nuclear material. Provide training assistance to federal, state, tribal, and local agencies to enhance the overall national response capability to a nuclear/radiological event.

7. Regional Coordinating Offices • The RAP is implemented on a regional basis, to foster a timely response capability and coordination between DOE and State, Tribal, and local emergency response elements. • Nine geographical DOE regions to include the NCR • each DOE Region is managed by a Regional Coordinating Office (RCO) • each RCO maintains a Regional Response Coordinator (RRC), who manages the activities of the regional RAP

8. 8 ME WA ND MT 8 NH MN OR NY VT Alaska ID WS MA SD MI 6 1 RI WY PA NJ IA 5 NB OH 7 NV MD IL IN 0 (NCR) DE WV UT CO 2 VA KS MO CA KY NC 3 TN 4 OK AK SC AZ NM 2 GA MS AL TX LA 7 Puerto Rico FL Hawaii 3 2 Office Panama Canal Zone Virgin Islands

9. Regional Response Coordinator • Regional Response Coordinator (RRC) responsibilities include: • maintaining a 24-hour emergency telephone number • coordinating DOE emergency response activities related to requests for radiological assistance in the Region • acting as the main regional point of contact for RAP interactions with other Federal, State, Tribal, and local government agencies • ensuring the RAP is fully implemented in the region

10. RAP Team Configuration • RAP teams consist of volunteer employees from DOE and DOE contractor/facilities • Each region has a minimum of three teams • A team consists of eight members; one Team Leader, one Team Captain, six Health Physics Survey/Support personnel, one of which is also a Scientist • Additional personnel are available, such as public information officers, industrial hygienists, transportation specialist, logistics support, etc. • Response tailored to the specific incident

11. RAP Team Response Time Objectives • Should be fully mobilized within 2-4 hours of activation • Should arrive on-scene within 6-8 hours of activation • Maintain response capability for at least 24 hours after arrival • Most regions have charter aircraft capability for responses further than 200 miles

12. RAP Team Capabilities (Cont) • Crisis Response • Counterterrorism Support • Law Enforcement Investigation Support • Events involving the inappropriate use of radiological sources---RDDs, INDs, etc. • National Special Security Events & Special Events participation

13. RAP Team Capabilities (Cont) • Consequence Management • Response to Nuclear Power Plant events • Response to DOE fixed facility events • Response to Office of Secure Transportation or other nuc/rad material shipments • Lost radiological sources

14. Portals in US Ports and on Border Crossings (Detection) Portals In Foreign Port Facilities Securing of Sources In Foreign Countries Distributed Detectors (Detection) Checkpoint / Way station Detectors (Detection) Render Safe Operations JTOT LGAT Search Render Safe – Technical Analysis LGAT JTOT Consequence Management FRMAC AMS REAC/TS NARAC Render Safe – Device Disassembly And Disposition JTOT Disposition Attribution of Device to Responsible Parties failure Search • Detect presence of radiation • Hazard assessment • Device or material or benign source • Department of Energy Programs • Radiological Assistance Program • Radiological Triage Program • Search Support Team • Operational Lead • Federal Bureau of Investigation • Department of Homeland Security “Detection” is defined as a radiation survey activity that is routine in nature (portals on the border, police with pagers, etc.). “Search” is the effort to find a radiation source that is driven by Intelligence and/or other special event (NSSE, verified detection event, etc.).

15. Home Team and Radiological Triage System • Mission - Positively identify radioactive sources • and discriminate between Special Nuclear • Material and non-yield producing radiological • material. Provides immediate, remote, • electronic access to peer-reviewed nuclear • weapon's expertise. Supports other deployed • teams. • Ensures the scope of a nuclear/radiological response is sufficient for health and safety of responders and general public without placing excessive and unnecessary demands on critical resources.

16. Limitations of Assistance • RAP supports and provides assistance to the appropriate on-scene authority • Assistance provided by RAP does not preempt state, tribal, or local authority • The primary responsibility for the incident • remains with the owner of the material • RAP involvement ends when assistance is • no longer needed or there are other • sufficient resources (state, local, private) • at the scene • RAP does not transport radioactive wastes

17. Standard Team Training • Radiation protection workers by training (and profession) • HAZMAT Technician (or HAZWOPER) training • Nuclear weapons response training • Commercial power plant response training • Consequence Management (FRMAC) training • Search/Triage training • Special instrumentation and communications training

18. Standard Response Equipment • Radiation instrumentation • gamma spectroscopy (NaI and HPGe) • alpha contamination monitoring • beta/gamma contamination monitoring

19. Standard Response Equipment • gamma radiation monitoring • neutron radiation monitoring • FIDLER detectors • air samplers (hi- & lo-vol) • telescoping high range G-M’s

20. Region 2 Response Vehicles • Monitoring Equip • Personnel • Supplies • PPE

21. RAP Interactions (other Federal) • Dept of Defense • Dept of Justice • Dept of Homeland Security • U.S. Coast Guard • Others as requested

23. DOE Emergency Response AssetsBasic Expectations • Provide technical & operational support in coordination with lead agencies • Respond quickly to support other agencies in nuclear/radiological accidents or incidents • Furnish resources appropriate to the situation • Focused and trained to deal with unusual technical challenges

24. Response Timeline Region IV Homeland Security Summit

25. Nuclear/Radiological Advisory TeamProvides an emergency response capability in the resolution of domestic and international nuclear incidents • On-Scene Command & Control • Scientific & Technical Advice • Maritime Search Techniques & Equipment • Coordination of Follow-On DOE Support • Limited Mobile Search • Secure Data/Voice Communication • 6 Person Team

26. Search Response Team • Search Operations • Handheld (backpacks) • Aerial-based • Vehicle-based • Maritime • Technical Support • Gamma & Neutron detection systems • GIS • Train and outfit additional searchers from first responder or law enforcement agencies

27. Joint Technical Operations TeamTechnical support to FBI and DOD to render-safe a RDD/IND and to move to safe location for disassembly • Phase I - Tactical Operations • Phase II - Advanced Tactical Operations • Safe-to-Ship Decision • Phase III - Disposition Operations

28. National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center • Plume Model predictions • 24-7 scientific and technical support • Access to world-wide weather data and geographical information

29. Aerial Measuring System • Provides nationwide aerial measurements to detect, analyze, and map radioactive material on the ground before & during emergencies • Activate within 4-hrs • Fixed-wing & helicopter capability at Andrews AFB and Nellis AFB • Capability also at RAP Region 3 • Search for lost radioactive sources or fragments

30. Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site • 24/7 assistance to Federal, State, and local governments as well as IAEA, foreign governments, and private physicians regarding medical management of radiation injuries • 3 person team that is wheels-up within 4-hrs • Physician • Health Physicist • Nurse/Paramedic • Cytogenetic Biodosimetry

31. Consequence Management Response TeamProvides data collection and interpretation, advice, and assistance to key leaders for decision making in the event of a radiological emergency • Consequence Management Home Team • CMRT I • CMRT II • Augmentation

32. Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center • Representation from DOE, DoD, EPA, HHS, FBI and other federal agencies • Coordinates all federal environmental monitoring and assessment activities during an incident • Provides GIS, communications, technical, and administrative support to state and local entities

33. Region 2 Program Management Numbers • 24-hr/7-day emergency contact – (865) 576-1005 • RAP Region 2 Regional Response Coordinator • Steve Johnson (865) 576-9740 • johnsonsm@oro.doe.gov • RAP Region 2 Contractor Response Coordinator • Ed Maples (865) 241-3123 • maplesce@y12.doe.gov