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Glaciers and Glacial Mechanics

Glaciers and Glacial Mechanics. Glacier Origins and Types. Glacier Origins and Types Glacier (def): a body of moving ice that has been formed on land by compaction and recrystallization of snow. Glacier Origins and Types Glacier (def): a body of moving ice that has been formed on

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Glaciers and Glacial Mechanics

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  1. Glaciers and Glacial Mechanics

  2. Glacier Origins and Types

  3. Glacier Origins and Types • Glacier (def): a body of moving ice that has been formed on land by compaction and recrystallization of snow.

  4. Glacier Origins and Types • Glacier (def): a body of moving ice that has been formed on land by compaction and recrystallization of snow. B. Critical Requirements

  5. B. Critical Requirements • Must be formed from the accumulation and ‘metamorphism’ of snow.

  6. B. Critical Requirements • Must be formed from the accumulation and ‘metamorphism’ of snow. 2. Ice must be moving under its own weight.

  7. B. Critical Requirements • Must be formed from the accumulation and ‘metamorphism’ of snow. • Ice must be moving under its own weight. • Must originate on land

  8. B. Critical Requirements • Must be formed from the accumulation and ‘metamorphism’ of snow. • Ice must be moving under its own weight. • Must originate on land • Persist from year-to-year

  9. Glacier Origins and Types C. The recrystallization of snow

  10. II. The Movement of Glaciers

  11. II. The Movement of Glaciers • Basal Sliding

  12. II. The Movement of Glaciers • Basal Sliding • Plastic Flow/Internal Shearing • Internal Shearing

  13. II. The Movement of Glaciers • Basal Sliding • Plastic Flow/Internal Shearing

  14. II. The Movement of Glaciers C. Crevassing (Zone of Fracture)

  15. Crevasses

  16. Crevasses

  17. The Glacial Budget • Zone of Accumulation • Zone of Ablation • Equilibrium Line

  18. “fastest velocity at equilibrium line”

  19. IV. Classification of Glaciers

  20. IV. Classification of Glaciers • Descriptive-based • Process-based

  21. IV. Classification of Glaciers • Descriptive-based * Cirque Glaciers * Valley Glaciers * Ice Sheets

  22. IV. Classification of Glaciers • Descriptive-based • Process-based 1. Dynamic classification scheme * Active * Passive * Dead

  23. IV. Classification of Glaciers • Descriptive-based • Process-based 1. Dynamic classification scheme * Active * Passive * Dead 2. Thermal classification scheme * Temperate Glaciers

  24. IV. Classification of Glaciers • Descriptive-based • Process-based 1. Dynamic classification scheme * Active * Passive * Dead 2. Thermal classification scheme * Temperate Glaciers * Polar Glaciers --sub polar --high polar

  25. V. Erosional Glacial Landforms

  26. Cirques Tarn Lakes Pater Noster Lakes Horns Aretes U shaped Valleys Hanging Valleys Fjords

  27. Erosional Landforms

  28. Erosional Landforms

  29. Erosional Landforms

  30. Cirques

  31. Cirques……and Tarns

  32. Arete

  33. U-shaped valley

  34. Hanging valley

  35. Hanging valley

  36. Horn

  37. Fjords

  38. Pater noster lakes

  39. Glacial Erosion Glacial Striations and grooves

  40. Glacial Polish

  41. VI. Depositional Landforms

  42. Glacial Till

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