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Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks. Formation and Characteristics. Metamorphic Rocks. “Meta” means change (Greek) “Morph” means form (Greek) A rock that has been changed from its original form (parent rock) by heat, pressure, and fluid activity into a new form (daughter rock). Types of Metamorphism.

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Metamorphic Rocks

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  1. Metamorphic Rocks Formation and Characteristics

  2. Metamorphic Rocks “Meta” means change (Greek) “Morph” means form (Greek) A rock that has been changed from its original form (parent rock) by heat, pressure, and fluid activity into a new form (daughter rock).

  3. Types of Metamorphism Contact – caused by proximity to igneous activity. Heat causes minerals to recrystallize but not melt. Dynamic – associated with faults and earthquake zones Regional – Caused by tremendous pressures associated with plate tectonics. Deep burial.

  4. Progression of Metamorphism Start with a shale and then hit it with heat and pressure! More Heat & Pressure

  5. Shale (Sedimentary Rock) Heat & Pressure Slate (Metamorphic Rock)

  6. Slate (Metamorphic Rock) Heat & Pressure Phyllite (Metamorphic Rock)

  7. Phyllite (Metamorphic Rock) Heat & Pressure Schist (Metamorphic Rock)

  8. With even more heat & pressure(High-Grade Metamorphism) … you end up with something that is really Gneiss!

  9. Metamorphic Textures • Foliated • “Folios” means page, or leaf-like • Rock has distinct layers • Often not smooth layers like sedimentary rock • Formed under direct pressure (ex. Pushing down) • Non-foliated • No distinct layers • Often a massive crystalline structure • Formed under uniform pressure (all directions)

  10. Foliated Texture

  11. Non-foliated Rocks Marble: • - metamorphosed limestone Quartzite: Quartzite: • • - - metamorphosed metamorphosed quartz sandstone quartz sandstone

  12. Summary • Rocks whose form is changed by temperature and pressure. • 3 different types • Contact • Dynamic • Regional • 2 Textures • Foliated • Non-foliated • More temperature and pressure = more changes

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