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Explore the aftermath of the Crusades, including the devastating Turkish attacks on the Byzantine Empire, the rise of nationalism, and conflicts with the papacy in the West. Learn about the Hundred Years' War and the impact of the Black Death on Western society.
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Post-Crusade Devastation in East & West: Turkish Moslems attacking Byzantine Empire Rise of nationalism & conflict with papacy in West Hundred Years’ War The Black Death “As never before, not even during the century of the Roman Empire’s collapse, Western people walked through the valley of the shadow of death.” - S.E. Ozmont “The whole medieval theory of supreme papal authority failed and foundered on new nationalist realities.” - A. Papadakis
Post-Crusade Devastation in East & West: Lebanese Maronites unified under the Latin Patriarch of Antioch, becoming the first Uniates. Egyptians gave up their Coptic language in favor of Arabic. Albania, Armenia and Azerbaijan became Muslim. Georgia remained a Christian stronghold, establishing the great monastery of Iveron on Mount Athos.
1208 - Eastern Patriarchate moved from Constantinople to Nicea 1215 - 4th Lateran Council & purgatory 1244 - Thomas Aquinas & indulgences 1248 - Patriarchate of Kiev 1250’s - Scholasticism 1261 - Nicean forces retake Constantinople; Paleologan dynasty 1265 - Clement IV: I can appoint anyone anywhere 1274 - Council of Lyons: Eastern Emperor grovels 1281 - Pope Martin IV: Unify the East by force 1291 - Palestine lost to Moslems for good 1302 - Pope Boniface III: God and I are one; Philip: How’d ya like to ride a horse? 1305 - Philip: Kill the Templars!; Clement V: Let’s move
1337 - Hundred Years’ War between French & English 1347 - The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) 1330 - Barlaam: Stop that navel watching! 1296-1359 - Saint Gregory Palamas, :Enlightenment can be achieved by bringing the mind into the heart.” 1341 - Church to Barlaam: You’re out! 1355 - Another Eastern Emperor grovels 1378 - Two popes and a schism in the West 1412 - Pope John 23rd: Attack my enemy and I’ll forgive your sins; John Hus: You’ve got to be kidding! 1409 - Council of Pisa: Now there are three popes 1418 - King at Council of Constance: Hus, you’re out. I lied. Then there was one pope.
1439 - Council of Florence: Bad times make for … bad decisions 1450 - And now… the Eastern Empire is … Constantinople 1453 - Mohammad II takes Constantinople 1479 - It’s not over; now the Spanish Inquisition