Individual Field Craft (IFC)

1. Individual Field Craft (IFC) VS NCC Land

2. Individual field craft (IFC) • List of topics: • Judging distances • Target indication • Movement by day

3. Judging Distances • Accurate judging of distances is important in order to report his position • While shooting , shooters will also need to account for bullet drop as a result of distance between target and themselves

4. Methods for judging distances • 1) Unit of measure • A football field is about 100 metres in length • By estimating the number of football fields in between you and the target The unit of measure can only be used if the: • distance is less than 300 metres • ground between you and the target can be seen

5. Methods for judging distances (con’t) • Unit of measure (con’t) • Stretch your hand and point your thumb upwards • At 100m, the height of a person is about the length of a thumb nail • At 100m, facial features can still be seen • At 200m, less details can be seen

6. Methods for judging distances • Due to perspective, the distance between 100m to 200m will appear to be only 2/3 the distance from you to 100m • Similarly, the distance between 200m to 300m will only appear to be 2/3 of the distance between 200m to 300m

7. Methods for judging distances

8. Methods for judging distances • 2) Halving method • Used for distances above 300m • Pick a point between you and the target. Using the unit of measure method, find the distance to the halfway mark and double it to find the range between you and the target. • Terrain and weather need to be considered when using this method

9. Judging distances • Factors affecting judging of distances

10. Target Indication • Important to give target indications in the ‘GIRL’ format and ‘CLAP’ • ‘GIRL’ refers to: • G – Group • I – Indication (give direction to look) • R – Range (to target) • L – Location and Description (of target)

11. Target indication • When giving order, it is important to give it in the ‘CLAP’ manner • ‘CLAP’ refers to: • C – Clearly • L – Loudly • A – As an Order • P – With Pauses • In a battle situation, there will be a lot of noise and if you do not indicate as suggested, you will not be heard by others , or your platoon might not know you are issuing a command

12. Target indication • Types of target indication • Direct method • Clock ray method • Finger breadth method • Fire observation

13. Methods for target indication • 1) Direct Method • Used when the target is obvious and arc of fire known to all (Everyone knows what the arc of fire means)

14. Methods for target indication • Direct Method E.g(using GIRL) • G - SECTION • I - ¼ Left – COCONUT TREE • R - TWO HUNDRED (metres) • L - One ENEMY BEHIND TREE

15. Methods for target indication • 2) Clock ray method • Used when target is hard to identify ( Behind cover etc) • Find a prominent reference point (e.g. windmill, buildings), and imagine a clock on the reference point

16. Methods for target indication

17. Methods for target indication • Clock ray method E.g (using GIRL) • G - SECTION • I - STRAIGHT AHEAD – WINDMILL – 4 ‘O’ Clock • R - THREE HUNDRED (metres) • L - SMALL BUSH – ENEMY MACHINE GUN POST

18. Methods for target indication • 3) Finger breadth method • Used when the target is difficult to identify + At longer range • Procedure same as clock ray method except that fingers are used to indicate the target , instead of a clock.

19. Methods for target indication

20. Methods for target indication • Finger breadth method E.g (using GIRL) • G - SECTION • I - STRAIHT AHEAD – WINDMILL – RIGHT-FOUR FINGERS • R - TWO HUNDRED (metres) • L - SMALL BUSH – ENEMY MACHINE GUN POST

21. Methods for target indication • 4) Fire observation method • Used as a last resort when there are no prominent objects / thick vegetation / at night (cannot see clearly) • Easiest and quickest method in indicating target , but gives away your position

22. Methods for target indication • Fire observation method E.g (using GIRL) • G - SECTION • I - HALF LEFT • R - TWO HUNDRED (metres) - WATCH MY TRACER • L - THREE ENEMIES IN LALANG PATCH

23. Movement by day • It is very important to know how to move in danger areas or over obstacles to reduce the chances of being spotted by enemy • It is also important to move only short distances at a time. Halt. Listen. Observe. Then move again • Look for the next spot before leaving your concealment

24. Movement by day • Types of movement by day: • The walk • The rush • High crawl • Low crawl • The roll

25. Movement by day • 1) The walk • The walk is used under the following conditions: • When hunting the enemy in an area. • When cover and concealment is about shoulder height. • Always look in front and direction of enemy

26. Movement by day • The walk- high alert • High alert is adopted when the enemy is very near and contact is imminent • Movement is slow and cautious • Always look through the scope , while occasionally glancing downwards (See what you are stepping on)

27. Movement by day • The walk- low alert • Low alert is adopted when you don’t know where the enemy is • Movement is faster but cautious • Always do a sweeping motion while walking

28. Movement by day • 2) The rush • The Rush is used: • When fired upon by enemy and no cover or concealment in the prone position. • When moving from one position to another. • When speed is critical.

29. Movement by day • The rush • In prone position, draw your arms into your body, raise your body • Run to your next position within 4 seconds • Fall forward and adopt prone firing position Important- do not stay up for more than 4 seconds or enemy will have enough time to aim and fire at you

30. Movement by day • 3) High crawl • Used when route selected provides cover and concealment up to waist level (Tall grass etc) • Movement is similar to baby crawl on knees and hands

31. Movement by day • High crawl • Rifle must be held by master hand, barrel facing forward, dustcover facing up and muzzle off the ground • Always observe enemy’s direction when moving

32. Movement by day • 4) Low crawl • Also called leopard crawl • Used when route provides cover and concealment that is very low • Keep body as flat as possible to the ground • Dust cover must be facing up, muzzle off the ground • Keep heels, head and elbow low and observe enemy

33. Movement by day

34. Movement by day • 5) The roll • Used when: • Concealment is low • Moving from a position when observed by enemy • Always tuck in your rifle before rolling

35. End of lesson Notes prepared by James Chua, Vinod s/o Jaya Kumar, Darius Tay, Chen Yu An for VS NCC Land