Study of Motion: Physical Quantities, Speed & Velocity, Acceleration, Types of Motion, Problems, Potpourri

1. Jeopardy PHY101 Chapter One Review Cheryl Dellai Study of Motion

2. Study of Motion

3. Physical Quantities$100 Name 3 Basic Physical Quantities ANSWER

4. Physical Quantities$200 What are the three systems of measurement? ANSWER

5. Physical Quantities$300 What are the names of the exponents? 109 is _____ 106 is _____ 103 is _____ 10-9 is _____ 10-6 is _____ 10-3 is _____ ANSWER

6. Physical Quantities$400 Complete the Following Table ANSWER

7. Speed & Velocity $100 What difference between a scalar and a vector? ANSWER

8. Speed & Velocity $200 What is the equation for average velocity? What the units for speed or velocity? ANSWER

9. Speed & Velocity $300 What is the difference between speed and velocity? ANSWER

10. Speed & Velocity $400 What is the difference between average and instantaneous velocity? ANSWER

11. Acceleration $100 What is the equation for average acceleration? What are the units in each system? ANSWER

12. Acceleration $200 What is centripetal acceleration? ANSWER

13. Acceleration $300 What is local gravity on planet Earth? ANSWER

14. Acceleration $400 What is the acceleration down a frictionless incline? ANSWER

15. Types of Motion $100 What is zero velocity? ANSWER

16. Types of Motion $200 What is meant by constant velocity? ANSWER

17. Types of Motion $300 What is meant by constant acceleration? ANSWER

18. Types of Motion $400 ASSUME a is constant Check what is in the following equations. ANSWER

19. Problems $100 A baseball is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 20.0 m/s. How long does it take to get to the top of its path? ANSWER

20. Problems $200 What is the magnitude of a 30.0-N force and a 30.0-N force acting at right angles to each other? ANSWER

21. Problems $300 A car traveling westward at 20 m/s turns around and travels eastward at 15 m/s. What is the change in velocity of the car? a. 5 m/s west b. 35 m/s c. 35 m/s west d. 35 m/s east ANSWER

22. Problems $400 What is the average acceleration of a ball that is thrown vertically upward on Vulcan with an initial speed of 40.0 m/s if it takes 4.00 s to return? ANSWER

23. Potpourri $100 List the steps in the scientific method ANSWER

24. Potpourri $200 What are the four fundamental forces. ANSWER

25. Potpourri $300 What is a period? What is meant by frequency? ANSWER

26. Potpourri $400 ASSUME g is constant Check what is in the following equations. ANSWER

27. Physical Quantities$100Answer Name 3 Basic Physical Quantities • Mass • Length • Time • Temperature • Current • Luminosity • Mole Back to Jeopardy

28. Physical Quantities$200Answer What are the three systems of measurement? SI System International Metric System cgs Older metric system Common In use in USA Back to Jeopardy

29. Physical Quantities$300Answer What are the names of the exponents? 109 is Giga G 106 is Mega M 103 is kilo k 10-9 is nano n 10-6 is micro µ 10-3 is milli m Back to Jeopardy

30. Physical Quantities$400Answer Back to Jeopardy

31. Speed & Velocity $100Answer What difference between a scalar and a vector? A scalar is a magnitude like one meter. A vector has both a magnitude and direction like one meter pointing North. A vector is an ordered pair. Back to Jeopardy

32. Speed & Velocity $200Answer What is the equation for average velocity? vave = Dx/Dt vave= ½(vO + vF) if a = constant SI unit m/s cgs unit cm/s Common unit ft/s Unit of length/Unit of time in general Back to Jeopardy

33. Speed & Velocity $300Answer What is the difference between speed and velocity? Speed is a magnitude and velocity is a vector. Back to Jeopardy

34. Speed & Velocity $400Answer What is the difference between average and instantaneous velocity? Average velocity is based on the total displacement/total time while instantaneous velocity is based on small increment of time Dt going to zero. Back to Jeopardy

35. Acceleration $100Answer What is the equation for average acceleration? aave = Dv/Dt SI unit m/s2 cgs unit cm/s2 Common unit ft/s2 Unit of length/Unit of time2 in general Back to Jeopardy

36. Acceleration $200Answer What is centripetal acceleration? When an object moves in a circle, the acceleration that points to the center of the circle is called the centripetal acceleration. vtangential = vt = 2p(radius)/Period = 2pr/T acentripetal = ac = vt2/r Back to Jeopardy

37. Acceleration $300Answer What is local gravity on planet Earth? SI g =9.80 m/s² down cgs g =980 cm/s² down Common g =32.2 ft/s² down Back to Jeopardy

38. Acceleration $400Answer What is the acceleration down a frictionless incline? The acceleration is less than local gravity but greater than zero. adown incline = gsinq = g (height/length of incline) length height q Back to Jeopardy

39. Types of Motion $100Answer What is zero velocity? No motion distance = d = constant v = 0 a = 0 Back to Jeopardy

40. Types of Motion $200Answer What is meant by constant velocity? Constant motion distance = d = increasing or decreasing v = constant a = 0 Back to Jeopardy

41. Types of Motion $300Answer What is meant by constant acceleration in a straight line? The object’s velocity is changing at a fixed rate. velocity = v = increasing or decreasing a = constant Back to Jeopardy

42. Types of Motion $400Answer ASSUME a is constant Check what is in the following equations. Back to Jeopardy

43. Problems $100Answer A baseball is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 20.0 m/s. How long does it take to get to the top of its path? Let gravity be g = 9.8 m/s² down vf = 0 = vO – gt t = vO / g = 2.04 s Back to Jeopardy

44. Problems $200Answer What is the magnitude of a 30.0-N force and a 30.0-N force acting at right angles to each other? 30.0 N 30.0 N Net Force =42.4 N Back to Jeopardy

45. Problems $300Answer A car traveling westward at 20 m/s turns around and travels eastward at 15 m/s. What is the change in velocity of the car? d. 35 m/s east Let east be + Let west be – Dv = vf – vO = 15 m/s - (-20 m/s) = 35 m/s east Back to Jeopardy

46. Problems $400Answer What is the average acceleration of a ball that is thrown vertically upward on Vulcan with an initial speed of 40.0 m/s if it takes 4.00 s to return? Time up is 2.00 s Time down is 2.00 s Using time up t = 2.00s vf = 0 = vO + at a = -vO /t = -(40.0 m/s)/(2.00 s) = -20 m/s² Local gravity on Vulcan is 20 m/s² down Back to Jeopardy

47. Potpourri $100Answer • List the steps in the scientific method • 1. Recognize the problem or observe event. • 2. Hypothesis “Guess”. • 3. Predict. • 4. Devise and perform experiment. • 5. Develop theory (data base analysis). Back to Jeopardy

48. Potpourri $200Answer • What are the four fundamental forces. • Strong nuclear forces • Electromagnetism • Weak nuclear forces • gravity Back to Jeopardy

49. Potpourri $300Answer What is a period? T = Time to complete one circle in seconds What is meant by frequency? f =1/T Units in Cycles/s or Hertz Back to Jeopardy

50. Potpourri $400Answer ASSUME g is constant Check what is in the following equations. Back to Jeopardy