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ACMT Misc Tox Jeopardy

ACMT Misc Tox Jeopardy. -Potent herbicide & biocide -Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, perfumes, food suppls, & resins -WWI Lacrimator. Acrolein. -Used to make plexiglass -Plastics, paper, dentistry, cosmetics, toys. Acrylates. -Fumigant, solvent

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ACMT Misc Tox Jeopardy

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  1. ACMT Misc Tox Jeopardy

  2. -Potent herbicide & biocide -Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, perfumes, food suppls, & resins -WWI Lacrimator Acrolein

  3. -Used to make plexiglass -Plastics, paper, dentistry, cosmetics, toys Acrylates

  4. -Fumigant, solvent • -Production of dye, lubricants, adhesives, drugs • Penetrates rubber • -Sweet, chloroform odor has poor warning property Epichlorohydrin

  5. -Fumigant (grain- banned, 1948) -Fire extinguishers -Lead scavenger in gasoline Ethylene dibromide (EDB)

  6. Flu-like illness following exposure to heated vapors Polymer fume fever (similar to metal fume fever)

  7. IARC Classification Group 1 Carcinogenic to humans Group 2A Probably carcinogenic to humans Group 2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans Group 3 Not classifiable... to humans Group 4 Probably not carcinogenic to humans

  8. Agents Causing Liver Cancer • Aflatoxins (mold) • Anabolic steroids • Arsenic= angiosarcoma • Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)?? • Vinyl chloride (PVC manufacturing)= angiosarcoma

  9. Agents Causing Bladder Cancer • Aniline • P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) • Aromatic Amines • Benzidine, b-naphthylamine • Arsenic • Aristolochia (herb): uretheral CA

  10. Agents Causing Leukemia/ Lymphoma • Benzene • Butadienes (2A): lymphohematopoetic • P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) (also bladder CA)

  11. Agents Causing Lung Cancer • Asbestos (mesothelioma) • Arsenic • Cadmium • Chromium • Coal Tar Products (also brain, skin scrotal CA) • Nickel • Tobacco smoke: benzo(a)pyrene

  12. Bhopal, India Union Carbide release of: Methylisocyanate (MIC)

  13. Toxic Oil Syndrome Spain, 1982 Rapeseed oil denatured with aniline (pulmonary disease)

  14. Jake Leg Paralysis Triorthocresyl phosphate: -Jamacian ginger contaminated by TOCP -delayed sensory-motor neuropathy Also: Morocco: OPIDN after TOCP adulterated cooking oil

  15. Epping England, 1965 Flour + methylenedianiline Toxic hepatitis “Epping Jaundice”

  16. Turkey, 1956 Wheat + hexachlorobenzene Porphyria cunea tarda

  17. Used as: oxidizer, pesticide, explosives, bleaching paper Chlorates

  18. Used to make explosives & dyes Dinitrobenzene also Dinitrotoluene

  19. Dyes, solvent, emulsifier (skin creams/ latex) Sensitizer= contact dermatitis Sensitizer= occupational asthma Ethylenediamine

  20. O-Phenylenediamine (OPD) vs P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) Similarities vs different toxicities? Similarities: both are used in dyes O-Phenylenediamine (OPD) -Severe urticaria/ dermatitis P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) -Bladder cancer

  21. -Used to manufacture dyes and pharmaceuticals • -Gasoline additive • -Intermediate in synthesis of: • wood preservatives • wetting agents for textiles • frothing agents for ore dressing • special lacquers • metal complexes Xylidine

  22. Acrylamides vs Acrylates -Similarities -Differences Similarities: polymer production Irritants Differences: Acrylamide- axonopathy

  23. Dimethylamine vs Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) vs Dimethylformamide Dimethylamine -Breaks down to HCl, phosgene -P. neuropathy Dimethylacetamide -Paint remover, solvent for plastics -Potent hepatotoxin Dimethylformamide -Universal solvent, penetrates plastics -Potent hepatotoxin -Disulfiram rxn

  24. Dinitrobenzene vs Dinitrotoluene -Similarities -Differences Similarities: -Used in explosives -MetHb -Yellowing of skin/ hair/ eyes -Optic neuropathy Differences: DNB -Hepatic necrosis, aplastic anemia DNT -Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation

  25. Ethylene dibromide vs Ethylenediamine Ethylene dibromide -Fumigant, fire extinguishers, lead scavenger in gas -Hepatotoxicity -Strong irritant -Animal carcinogen (hemangiosarcoma, nasal CA) Ethylenediamine -Solvent, dyes, emulsifier -Sensitizer: contact dermatitis, occup asthma -MetHb

  26. Odorant in natural gas Mercaptans (Mercaptomethane)

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