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Mobilization of coal supply

Mobilization of coal supply. IRADe – Energy Conclave 2006 Dr. D. M. Kale. The way forward…………. To implement the integrated energy policy for coal mobilisation , while caring for the beautiful biosphere of our blue planet , is Embrace Coal Gasification.

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Mobilization of coal supply

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  1. Mobilization of coal supply IRADe – Energy Conclave 2006 Dr. D. M. Kale

  2. The way forward………… To implement the integrated energy policy for coal mobilisation , while caring for the beautiful biosphere of our blue planet , is Embrace Coal Gasification.

  3. Assuming all the best things happen We still need to mobilise

  4. Coal , the God’s gift as frozen ancient Sunlight, 1432.5 Million tons Per annum by 2032 From current 400+Mt.

  5. Coal – Energy Conversion • Heat (HHV) • Pollution • Ash • CO2 • NOx • SOx • Low energy efficiency

  6. Pollution

  7. Environment Cost of Pollution Emission in gm/kWh “If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it …to measure is to know” - Lord Kelvin

  8. Can we do it…… Good news • Coal Gasification • Methane Extraction

  9. Coal Gasification Coal gasification - Controlled combustion of coal & obtain syn gas. • Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) • Surface Coal Gasification (SCG)

  10. UCG - Concept Two boreholes are drilled into the coal seam

  11. UCG - Concept Coal is ignited, combustion is maintained by injecting air or oxygen and steam

  12. UCG - Concept The resulting gases are brought to surface by the second bore hole

  13. UCG - Concept

  14. UCG - Products Coal

  15. UCG - Potential UN MINEABLE COAL RESOURCES : 210.14 Billion tons UN MINEABLE LIGNITE RESOURCES : 32.76 Billion tons TOTAL UNMINEABLE RESOURCES : 242.90 Billion tons PERCENTAGE OF COAL AMENABLE TO UCG : 30 % COAL RESERVES AMENABLE TO UCG : 72.87 Billion tons UCG GAS (considering 2700 m3/ton) : 196.749 Trillion m3 NATURAL GAS EQUIVALENT : 19.67 Trillion m3 CALORIFIC VALUE OF PRODUCED GAS : 3- 5 MJ/m3 CALORIFIC VALUE OF NATURAL GAS = 38 MJ/m3

  16. UCG – Potential ( The hidden Treasure !) UCG – Potential Gujarat Coal Reserves estimated by ONGC in Gujarat : • Patan Tharad block :60 Billion tons • Ahmedabad Mehsana block :63 Billion tons • Natural Gas Equivalent of UCG from these block with 20% conversion of coal Reserves : 6 Trillion M3 Indian Natural Gas reserves 1 Trillion M3

  17. Power SYN GAS Nitrogenous Fertilizers Petrochemicals (MTO, MTP technology) Liquid Fuels (GTL technology) UCG - Utility

  18. UCG – Project Timeline UCG - Road Map

  19. UCG - Advantage Facilitates exploitation of deep / unminable coal reserves Higher efficiency coupled with low capital costs than conventional coal-fired station Eliminates SO2 emission Radio active ash remains deep down…

  20. UCG - Advantage • Environmentally friendly • Significant reduction in CO2, SOx, NOx emissions • No Waste disposal (Ash Trapped Underground) • Reduced emission of Green House Gases by CO2 Sequestration • Short Construction and Commissioning Time

  21. UCG - Advantage • Replacing underground mines under complicated, risky conditions of operation. • Environmental protection. • Augment and replace dwindling valuable fuels as oil and gas

  22. Surface Coal Gasification (SCG) A process for converting Coal deposits into Gas insitu.

  23. Surface Coal Gasification (SCG) Process Flow Chart

  24. Coal Gasification Gasifier Internals

  25. Surface Coal GasificationHighlights of Technology • Equipment Design lifetime – typically 25 years • Robust membrane wall, No lining repair required. • Coal burner life time > 20,000 Hrs proven • High carbon conversion • High cold gas efficiency, > 80% LHV • Easy single gasifier scale up – to 40,000 TPD of coal. • Single Gasifier availability expected at 95% • Maintenance sht down 3 week every 2 year. • Recommanded inspection shut down (1-2 week) • Unscheduled downtime not factored in.

  26. Surface Coal Gasification (SCG) Possible Process Flow Stream

  27. Where are others ? China

  28. Where are others ? USA • Extensive R&D activity funded by DOE • Contemplating to have poly-generation plants with capture and sequestration of CO2 • Scale of dreams - 70 large plants to generate 35 GW power and 2.4 million barrels a day of zero sulfur liquid fuel utilizing 350 MMtpa of coal…syn gas parks

  29. Environment – Power Perspective

  30. Coal Gasification Environmental Benefits…. • Gas suitable for high-efficiency power generation. • High-pressure product gas can be easily treated. • CO2 capture & sequestration. • Cavity potential future sequestration locations.

  31. Background • Global concern on rising concentration of CO2 • Increased from 280 to 370 ppm Rise in CO2 Concentration (Mauna Loa)

  32. Carbon Sequestration • Depleted Oil & gas reservoirs • Saline formations • Salt caverns • Mineralisation • Deep oceans Disposal Capture • EOR • Coalbed Methane Utilisation

  33. UCG / SCG– Policies Decision requiring attention Royalty for coal in case of UCG need be nominal since without UCG resource can not be exploited. Initially low tariffs to encourage investments. Power generation from UCG needs special fiscal regime. Deploying UCG / SCG syn-gas towards chemical feedstock and for liquefaction needs R&D as well as high incentives. Coal need to be specially mined and allocated for SCG.

  34. Get Convinced …. And then ……. PUSH Hard !!!!!!!!!!!!!

  35. For our beautiful planet

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