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Clinical Presentation of Vitreoretinal Disorders

Clinical Presentation of Vitreoretinal Disorders. Dr. Ayesha Abdullah 28.10.2016. Learning outcomes. By the end of this lecture the students would be able to;

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Clinical Presentation of Vitreoretinal Disorders

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  1. Clinical Presentation of Vitreoretinal Disorders Dr. Ayesha Abdullah 28.10.2016

  2. Learning outcomes By the end of this lecture the students would be able to; • Identify the common symptoms and signs of VR disorders (VRD) and correlate them with the underlying problems with the structure and function of the VR. • Identify structural landmarks on retinal photographs. • Correlate the indications for commonly used investigations for the assessment of retinal disorders with the underlying pathology.

  3. Anatomical landmarks of the retina

  4. Common Presenting Symptoms in VRD • Visual loss, mostly painless, sudden/ gradual • Loss of central vision • Loss of peripheral vision • Loss of visual field • Loss of colour vision • Distorted vision; metamorphopsia, micropsia, macropsia

  5. Common Presenting Symptoms in VRD • Loss of contrast sensitivity • Glare sensitivity • Night blindness • Photopsia/ flashes • Floaters ;  'specks', 'flies', 'spiders' and, ‘cobweb‘, ‘mosquitoes’.

  6. Loss of central vision http://www.retina-international.org/

  7. Loss of peripheral vision http://www.retina-international.org/

  8. Contrast sensitivity and light & dark adaptation problems

  9. Contrast sensitivity and light & dark adaptation problems

  10. Glare

  11. Flashes of light/ photopsia

  12. Floaters

  13. Colour vision deficiency http://www.achromatopsia.info/childrens-vision/

  14. Field loss

  15. Scotoma Negative Scotoma Positive Scotoma

  16. Swollen optic disc

  17. Pale optic disc

  18. Cupped optic disc

  19. Macular signs

  20. Retinal Haemorrhages

  21. Vascular changes

  22. Exudates

  23. Cotton wool spots

  24. Retinal Tear/ hole

  25. New Vessels

  26. ? RAPD

  27. Quiz

  28. Commonly used investigations B Scan A Scan

  29. OCT

  30. Angiography

  31. Electroretinogram

  32. What is the blood supply of the inner and outer retinal layers? • What makes the inner and outer retinal blood barriers and what is their significance? • Why light has to travel through all the layers before generating the sensation of vision?

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