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The Impact of Social Relationships on Depressive Symptoms among Older Barbadian Women

The Impact of Social Relationships on Depressive Symptoms among Older Barbadian Women. Introduction. Two models have been proposed to explain the relationship between social ties and mental health (Kawachi & Berkman, 2001) Main effect model Stress buffering model

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The Impact of Social Relationships on Depressive Symptoms among Older Barbadian Women

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  1. The Impact of Social Relationships on Depressive Symptoms among Older Barbadian Women

  2. Introduction • Two models have been proposed to explain the relationship between social ties and mental health (Kawachi & Berkman, 2001) • Main effect model • Stress buffering model • Social ties (Berkman & Glass, 2000) • positive effects on health behaviors and psychological states or • by promoting access to a greater variety of types of support

  3. Introduction • Stress process that leads to depression • Physical limitations (Yang & George, 2005) • Economy insecurity (Krause, 1987) • Women report higher depression (Wethington, McLoed, Kessler, 1987) • Married women display similar or higher prevalence of depression compare to single women (Bebbington, 1999)

  4. Introduction • By the year 2000, 6 Caribbean countries had already found more than 10 % of their populations over the age of 60 years • By 2025, Barbados and Cuba are projected to be the first countries in the Caribbean with 25% of their population to be over age 60 • On a general note, not much is known of the lives of women over age 60 in the Caribbean

  5. Specific Aims • Examine how social relationships acts as buffers in the presence of life stressors • Examine how social support affect older Barbadian women’s depressive symptomology across types of living conditions

  6. Methods • Survey on Health and Well-Being of Elders • Seven cities in Latin America and Caribbean Bridgetown, Barbados • The national electoral registry, which is updated periodically, was used to calculate the sample • Response rate 85% • Female = 924/ Male = 888 • Measurements • Abbreviated Geriatric Depression Scale • Self Reported Health

  7. Methods • MMSE score of <12 OR Pfeffer score of >6 (N = 867) • Outcome variable: Geriatric Depression Scale • Cut-off point 6/7 • Independent variable: Functional social network • Control variables: age, levels of education, ethnicity,

  8. Conclusion • Women less likely to be married but more likely to live with someone (i.e., children) • Women appear to benefit from having some of their children living inside the home • Social relationships have important buffering properties • Public health implications: interventions that are family-focused • Future research: Links to reciprocity between provider and recipients

  9. Acknowledge • Samatha Pittman, BS • Diana Arellego • Ayumi Irie, BS

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