Griffith University’s Journey in Data C itation

1. Natasha Simons Senior Data Management Specialist Australian National Data Service Located at: Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0635-1998 Tw: @n_simons Griffith University’s Journey in Data Citation ANDS Webinar 5 June 2014

2. About Griffith University • Established in 1971 and opened in 1975 • Now has five South-East Queensland campuses • Around 43,000 students and 4,300 staff • 26 schools and departments in four academic groups: • Arts, Education and Law • Business • Health • Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology Image credit: Danny Munnerley, http://www.flickr.com/photos/munnerley/6381877583/

3. Griffith’s research profile • 32 research centresand institutes • Priority areas • Water science • Drug discovery and infectious diseases • Asian politics, security and development • Climate change adaptation • Criminology and crime prevention • Music, the arts and the Asia Pacific • Sustainable tourism • Chronic disease prevention • Physical sciences • Environmental sciences • Nursing • Education Image credit: Anne Ruthmann, http://www.flickr.com/photos/annemarlow/8392238157/

4. Research infrastructure and data management • Strong commitment from University leaders to improving data management • Staff resources – operational and project related • Successful in seeking funding from ANDS and NeCTAR to build national and local infrastructure • Strong emphasis on seeking internal funds and working with researchers on grants for funds to develop, enhance and support institutional tools • Policy frameworks and service models for data management support under discussion

5. What does a data citation look like?

6. What does a data citation look like?

7. What does a data citation look like?

8. What does a data citation look like?

9. How is data cited?

10. How is data cited?

11. What do you need to pack for your data citation journey? There are really only two things you need before you start on a data citation journey: Some research data collections at your institution that have open, embargoed or mediated access. A publically available metadata record that describes each of these collections and provides access to them. Image credit: http://www.peregrineadventures.com/blog/13/02/2012/great-packing-debate

12. Packing for the journey At Griffith, we have: Research Data Repository - http://equella.rcs.griffith.edu.au/research/logon.do Research Hub (metadata store/researcher profile system) - http://research-hub.griffith.edu.au

13. Packing for the journey On your journey, you may also need: Management support: 2. Technical support: Malcolm Wolski Director, eResearchServices & Scholarly Application Development Division of Information Services Griffith University ArveSolland Senior Developer, eResearchServices & Scholarly Application Development Division of Information Services Griffith University

14. When and why, DOI? 2011 August –‘PIDs for data’ options paper, recommended DOIs August – ANDS launched Cite My Data service pilot September to December – signed up; developed m-2-m scripts, minted DOIs 2012 c.May - Put ‘Cite this collection’ feature in Griffith Research Hub October - Commenced data citation project 2013 May - Concluded data citation project September – produced DOI guidelines; developed roadmap

15. When and why, DOI? • Griffith needed a persistent identifier that would: • Fill gaps in persistent identifiers for scholarly works • Replace long and incomprehensible URLs for metadata • Signal long-term management of our research data collections • Contribute to the semantic vision for data in the Research Hub • Later: foundation for data citation.

16. When and why, DOI? • We chose DOIs to meet our needs because they: • Are a global persistent identifier, already used for many scholarly publications • Can be assigned to research data, theses, grey lit and even software code • Improve visibility of, and access to, research data • Gave us responsibility for managing persistent access to our data collections • Won’t break when IR software is re-indexed (as handles sometimes do) • Later, because they: • Facilitate data citation • Greatly assist tracking impact of data sets through collection of metrics and altmetrics based on DOI

17. When and why, DOI? • The ANDS Cite My Data service provided: • Partnership with international DOI registration agency: DataCite • Minting DOIs for metadata records about open, mediated or embargoed research data, theses, grey literature (even software code) • Machine-to-machine workflow • Easily achieved kernel metadata • Trial in safe test environment • High level documentation for the M-2-M provided by ANDS • High level information on data citation on the ANDS website • Free! • And so we became the first guinea pigs of the Cite My Data Service….

18. Cite My Data – how does it work? Sign agreement to use the service ANDS give you an institutional id Prepare your m-2-m script (includes required metadata for each DOI: title, creator, publisher, publication year, identifier) Execute script against Cite My Data service Cite My Data service returns DOIs Store DOIs in own system Create citation element Make citation element avail in RIF-CS feed for ANDS harvester DOI scipts: https://github.com/gu-eresearch/ANDSDOIScripts

19. Decisions, decisions… • What’s the criteria for assigning a DOI to a research data collection? • At what level of granularity should a DOI be applied? • Should the DOI link to the landing page or the actual data? Which landing page? • What if the data is changed e.g. updated? Should a new DOI be issued? • Should researchers be able to mint the DOI or should we mint it for them? • How are DOIs assigned if the research data is the result of a collaboration between various institutions? • What happens to the DOIs we have minted if ANDS closes shop? • Can you cite data without a DOI? • Implementing DOIs for Research Data D-Lib article http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/may2012-simons

20. Developing guidelines We found answers to our questions and wrote them up in guidelines: Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs): Introduction and Management Guide Available for download from the ANDS website: http://ands.org.au/cite-data/griffith_doi_guidelines-4.pdf ANDS DOI FAQs http://ands.org.au/cite-data/doi_q_and_a.html Documented our experiences in the Gold Standard Project @ Griffith blog: http://ands-gold-griffith.blogspot.com.au/

21. Data Citation

22. Discovery

23. Data Citation engagement experiences • Established a blog - http://data-citation-griffith.blogspot.com.au/ • Spoke with librarians about citation practices in different disciplines • Included data citation as part of standard consultations with a group in Health & an individual in environmental economics • Notifications workflows • Investigated Dryad automated notifications workflows • Modified their depositor notification • Manually emailed collections owners of new collections • Notifications added to technical requirements for data deposit • Reviewed existing information and workflows • Griffith policies and procedures • Academic style guides • Training materials and guides • Included data citation in new Best practice guidelines for researchers: managing research data and primary materials

24. Lesson #1: One size will not fit all • Disciplines • Citation practices • Style guides • Publishing protocols • Target audiences • Types of research output • Usage of metrics • Age and career stage • Attitudes to open access • Motivations • Technical know-how Image credit: TakiSteve, http://www.flickr.com/photos/13519089@N03/1380483002/

25. Lesson #2: Choose your time • Find ‘hooks’ in the researchers’ workflows • e.g. point of data deposit • e.g. final report on funded research • e.g. through data planning • Long term goal should be to get in early - improving the training and supporting artefacts (style guides, bibliographic management software) that introduce new students and researchers to the principles of citation Image credit: Todd Lappin, http://www.flickr.com/photos/telstar/433029904/

26. Lesson #3: Need-to-know basis • A depositor shouldn’t have to know what a DOI is or where it comes from, or be asked to make a decision about whether they want one or not • Minting DOIs should be done automatically for collections that meet the rules defined by the ‘publisher’ of the deposited data (in this case, Griffith University) and the DOI registration agency Image credit: TakiSteve, http://www.flickr.com/photos/13519089@N03/1380483002/

27. Lesson #4: Be honest and realistic with researchers • Be honest about the evidence base – they’re researchers so they will ask! • Be honest about the lack of rewards within the current system and have empathy – researchers know better than us what they do and don’t get rewarded for

28. Lesson #5 :Not everything can be solved now or by you alone Collective action is needed for change in these areas We’re investigating these now and in the near future We mostly know what we are doing with these

29. Data citation experiences D-Lib article: Growing Institutional Support for Data Citation: Results of a Partnership between Griffith University and the Australian National Data Service http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/november2013-simons What Griffith University are doing to establish a culture of data citation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jDsD5cbIeZU

30. On the ‘to do’ list • But we didn’t conquer the world… • On the ‘to do’ list: • Embedding DOIs into automated data collection workflows • Minting DOIs for grey literature: theses, reports, discussion papers etc. • Improving links between research publications and underlying data • Reviewing DOI guidelines, rules and workflows at future points in time • Embedding types of metadata, such as COINS, into the landing pages to assist import into citation tools

31. Reflections • Easy lessons learnt: • Do what you can with what you have available • Technical minting and maintaining of DOIs is relatively easy • Cite My Data service is straight forward • Getting citation element is also relatively easy • There are a lot of materials available now on DOIs (infrastructure) and on data citation (researchers) so don’t reinvent the wheel • You could decide to set up an administrator interface for minting and maintaining the DOIs (e.g. the way TERN have done this). This would run over the top of the m-2-m scripts.

32. Reflections • Hard lessons learnt: • Establishing workflows for DOIs and data citation is not easy if you don’t know when researchers are going to publish their data and if data publication is not routine • Data citation is not (yet) common practice but there is a large international community supporting data citation as a principle and to encourage practice • There is a growing body of evidence on a positive link between open data and citation counts