Once upon a time

1. Once upon a time Once upon a time In this unit, you will learn to:  comprehend oral narrative texts.  present oral narrative texts accurately.  read and understand written narrative texts.  create written narrative texts.

2. NARRATIVE General Features Narratives construct a pattern of events with a problematic and/or unexpected outcome that entertains and instructs the reader or listener. Entertain Deal with the unusual and unexpected development of events. Instruct Teach readers and listeners that problems should be confronted, and attempts made to resolve them, incorporate patterns of behavior that are generally highly valued.

3. Structure of Narratives 1. Orientation —usually by introducing the main character/s in a setting of time and place. 2. Complication — in this stage a sequence of events is changed so that its pattern becomes a problem for one or more of the characters, and a crisis has developed e.g. a visit to a deserted house becomes a serious problem for the narrator/writer when he finds himself locked in a house where there is no handle to the door. “I was terrified when the door slammed shut. How was I going to get out? Nobody knew where I was”.

4. 3. Resolution — the problem is resolved or attempted to be resolved. A pattern of normalcy is restored to the events, but the main character/s has changed as a consequence of the experience. 4. Coda (optional) —It makes explicit how the character/s has changed and what has been learned from the experience.

5. Grammatical features use of particular nouns to refer to or describe the particular people, animals and things that the story is about; use of adjectives to build noun groups to describe the people, animals or things in the story; use of conjunctions and time connectives to sequence events through time; use of adverbs and adverbial phrases to locate the particular incidents or events; use of past tense action verbs to indicate the actions in a narrative; use of saying and thinking verbs to indicate what characters are feeling, thinking or saying.

6. Narrative texts include: myths fairytales science fiction historical fiction romance novels

8. EXAMPLE OF NARRATIVE TEXT Snow White • Long ago, in the Neverland, there lived a very beautiful princess, Snow White. The Queen was her stepmother. She was very jealous of her beauty. So she wanted her to die. • Snow White knew about the evil plan. She escaped into a forest. There she made friends with seven dwarfs. • The queen turned Snow White into a witch. Snow White did not realize it. The witch gave her a poisoned apple. As a result, Snow White was put into sleep for years. • Fortunately, in the end, Prince Charming revived her with a kiss. They lived together happily ever after. • (Free adaptation from Grimms’ fairy tale)

9. According to the story, say whether each statement below is true or false. 1. Snow White was a beautiful queen. 2. Her own mother was jealous of her beauty. 3. Snow White ran away from her palace. 4. She lived with Prince Charming in a forest. 5. Snow White was poisoned by her stepmother. 6. Her stepmother was evil. 7. The dwarfs helped Prince Charming revive Snow White. 8. Snow White and Prince Charming had a happy life after that.

10. Answer these questions. 1. What is the story about? 2. When and where did the story happen? 3. What problems did Snow White have? 4. What happened to her then? 5. Who came to help her? 6. What did he do to Snow White? 7. How did they live after that?

11. evaluation • Babu and the Lion • One day, there was a slave whose name was Babu. His master was very, very bad. You know, he often punched Babu and did not offer him food for days. Poor Babu! So he escaped into a forest and slept in a cave. • Next morning, he heard a loud roar. In front of him...., at the mouth of the cave..., was a very big lion. You see, Babu was scared to death! Kind of scary, isn’t it? But he could not escape. • But the lion didn’t attack him. It was tame. There was a large thorn in its right front foot. The lion looked at Babu. It seemed to say something like:”Please help me. It’s very painful.” Babu walked bravely to the lion and pulled out the thorn. Babu and the lion turned out to be friends. • (Adapted from GB Shaw’s play: Androcles and the Lion)

12. While listening, find the answers to the questions below. 1. What was the slave’s name? 2. Was the slave a man or a woman? 3. Was the master kind or bad? 4. Where did the slave run away? 5. Where did she/he sleep? 6. What animal did she/he see nextmorning? 7. Was the animal big or small? 8. Was the slave afraid of the animal? 9. Did the animal attack him/her? 10. What did the slave do to the animal?

13. Complete each sentence below with the correct word from the box. Punched sleptran awaybad tame Bravely frightened attack painful heard 1. The ... master didn’t give him food. 2. The master often ... his slave. 3. The slave ... ... from his master. 4. He ... in a cave. 5. Babu ... a loud roar. 6. He was ... by the roar of the lion. 7. The lion did not ... him. 8. The lion walked unsteadily. It was .... 9. A thorn pained its right foot. The foot was .... 10. Babu walked ... towards the lion.