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About Neptronic

About Neptronic. Established in 1976 in Montreal Canada Design and manufacture innovative HVAC products HQ and manufacturing facility (80,000 sq ft ) located in Montreal Worldwide distribution network; present in every continent. WELCOME │ BIENVENIDO │ B IENVENUE . HUMIDIFICATION

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About Neptronic

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  1. About Neptronic • Established in 1976 in Montreal Canada • Design and manufacture innovative HVAC products • HQ and manufacturing facility (80,000 sqft) located in Montreal • Worldwide distribution network; present in every continent

  2. WELCOME │ BIENVENIDO │ BIENVENUE HUMIDIFICATION Presentation

  3. Agenda • Introduction to Humidification • Why Humidity is so Important • Why Should We Humidify • Typical Applications • Calculation Parameters • Existing Local Variables • Hardness of Water • Types of humidifiers • Isothermal / Adiabatic • Isothermal • Electric Humidifier • Resistive • Electrode • Gas-Fired Humidifier • Steam to Steam Humidifier • Direct Steam Injection Humidifier • Multi-Steam Distribution • Jacketed Tube Distribution • Adiabatic • Atomizing Humidifier • Air/Water Fogger • High pressure Water • Ultrasonic Humidifier • Evaporative Humidifier

  4. Introduction to Humidification Humidity: Water that is in gaseous form, vapour.Relative humidity (% RH): The amount of vapour in air at a specific temperature with respect to the maximum quantity of steam that can absorb without condensation.Humidification: This process occurs when the water has absorbed enough heat to evaporate. It requires about 1,000 Btu to evaporate one pound of water (2.326 kJ / kg).

  5. WhyHumidityisso Important? 70% of the planet is covered by water.The human body is composed of roughly 60% water by volume.The gaseous form of water is vapor and the measure of water vapor in the air we breathe is relative humidity. The amount of vapor the air can hold is dependent upon the temperature of the air. The warmer the air the more vapor it can hold. The reverse is true for cooler air.

  6. WhyHumidityisso Important? We function best at temperatures between 70 and 80 degrees and relative humidity of 40% to 60%. If the air is dry and hot we lose body water by evaporation very quickly and thus our skin and sinuses are dry and we are always in need of replenishing the lost water. Indoor environments in the winter are generally very dry in northern countries and so there is a need to add vapor so that we feel and function better.

  7. WhyHumidityisso Important? All land based animals have similar problems with the relative humidity around them. In fact just about all material both living and inanimate is affected by the amount of vapor in the air. Paint, plastics, silicone, paper, textiles etc.; Many manufacturing processes require close humidity and temperature control in order to maintain product quality.

  8. WhyShouldWeHumidify? • Indoor air quality (Health, Comfort and Productivity) • schools, health care facilities, offices, living space • Material protection and storage • museums, archives, libraries, wood/paper, textiles, food processing • Environments for specific processes • Printing, clean rooms, pharmaceuticals, laboratories, semiconductors • Animal rooms/research, Zoological facilities • Static electricity • computer rooms, data processing areas, hazardous environments, munitions, aerospace, paint spray booths

  9. Optimal HumidityLevel 2008 ASHRAE, HVAC Systems & Equipment, Chapter 21 By E.M. Sterling, A. Arundel, and T.D. Sterling, Ph.D.

  10. Typical Application • Clean rooms / Data Centers • 35-60% RH • Pharmaceuticals / Labs • 40-50% RH • Offices / Hotels / Schools • 35-40% RH • Museums / Libraries • 35-50%RH • Hospitals / Health Care • 35-50% RH • Printing Industry • 40-50% RH • Tobacco Industry • 60-70% RH

  11. CalculationsParameters • Design Conditions • Outside temperature/RH(%) and desired indoor conditions • Load calculation (lbs/hr) for ventilation system • Natural: Space/Room Size/Number of air changes • Mechanical: Total Air Flow and % of outside air • Economizer: Total Air Flow and Mixed Air Temperature • Distribution • Airflow direction, AHU/Duct size and Absorption Distance • Self contained

  12. Existing Local Variables • Supply water quality • City or well, softened, reverse osmosis or de-ionized • Energy source • Electricity, natural or LP gas, boiler steam or chemical-free boiler steam, High temperature hot water, Evaporative/atomizing • OTHER PARAMETERS TO CONSIDER • Initial investment • Energy cost comparison • Space available • Steam distribution configurations • Maintenance requirements • Vapor barriers

  13. Hardness of Water • Description: Water is considered a universal solvent. In drinking water there are several minerals that are dissolved. • Hardness is determined by the concentration of calcium and magnesium dissolved in water (ppm). Montreal city water 116ppm • Precipitate: When water evaporates, the minerals create deposits. • Water Treatment: water softeners, reverse osmosis or de-ionized systems

  14. Types of Humidifier • Isothermal • Electric Humidifier • Resistive • Electrode • Gas-Fired Humidifier • Steam to Steam Humidifier • Direct Steam Injection Humidifier • Multi-Steam Distribution • Jacketed Tube Distribution • Adiabatic: • Atomizing Humidifier • Air/Water Fogger • High pressure Water • Ultrasonic Humidifier • Evaporative Humidifier

  15. Isothermal Humidifiers

  16. Electric Humidifiers Pros • Clean sterilesteam • Compact size • Low installed cost • Close humidity control • If electric generation is close, very efficient • Cons • Cost of energy • Creates a certain coolingload • Limited capacity

  17. Electric Humidifiers: Resistive vs Electrode Resistive type Pros • Permanent cleanablechamber • Works in all water qualities • Output can be held very close • Cons • Required tank cleaningcanbedifficult • Electrode type • Pros • Bottle change out is easy and fast • Cons • Replacement bottles are expensive • Complicated control system wastestoomuch water • Capacityloss as electrodesbecomescoated, unit will stop • Water quality affects operation and operating cost • Bottles are not enviromentallyfriendly

  18. GasFiredHumidifiers • Cons • Large foot print • Installation requirements (flue /combustion air) • Creates a coolingload • Must have gassupply • Not good for smallloads Pros • Clean sterilesteam • Large capacity available • Low energy cost • Close control • 80-85% efficient

  19. Steam to SteamHumidifiers • Cons • Must have a central steam supply • Large foot print • Creates a cooling load • Can be difficult to maintain Pros • Clean sterilesteam • Large capacity • Closes boiler loop

  20. Direct SteamHumidifiers Pros • Large capacity • Low initial installation cost • Close control • Cons • Must have a central steam supply • Home run steam / condensate • Chemical carry over / dirty • Open loop for boiler • Must keep the steam jacket hot • Creates a cooling load

  21. Direct Steam Injection Humidifier Configurations Multi-Steam Distribution Jacketed Tube Steam Distribution • Jacket preheats the steam distributor tubes • Horizontal distributor installation only • Steam nozzles facing the airstream • Consists of vertical tubes connectedto a header • Short non-wetting distance

  22. Adiabatic Humidifiers

  23. Adiabatic humidification Adding moisture to air can be accomplished with no addition of energy from external source. The air evaporates the water by itself, using a part of its sensible heat to accomplish the task, cooling the air as it absorbs moisture. As the air absorb moisture and moves up the wet bulb line, the RH and the air temperature are both changing, but the total heat content (enthalpy) remains unchanged. This natural phenomenon is used to save energy costs by augmenting mechanical refrigeration in warm, arid climates. Buildings are cooled and humidified simultaneously using this principle. It is also used in cold climate when humidification is needed in buildings that have surplus internal heat from equipment or electronic gear. Isothermal Humidification Adiabatic Humidification

  24. Air/Water FoggerHumidifiers Pros • Evaporative cooling • Small droplet size • Very large capacity • Can be put directly in space • Long nozzle life • Low maintenance • Fullymodulating • Cons • Requires high inlet temp • Long absorption distance • Wetting of duct/standing water • Potential for bacteria growth • Particulate deposits/dust • Pure water preferred • Air compressor cost/kWh cost

  25. High Pressure Water Humidifiers Pros • No air compressor • Cons • Large droplet size • Very long absorption distance • Short nozzle life • High maintenance • On/Off or staged control only

  26. UltrasonicHumidifiers Pros • Compact size • Small water droplet size • Cons • High initial cost • Must have ultrapure water supply

  27. Evaporative Media Humidifiers • Cons • Duct pressure drop • On/Off or staged control • Not good for close humidity control Pros • Verylow power consumption • Potable or pure water • Low initial cost • Cleanable, low maintenance • No standing water in duct

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