Application + Cow milk versus Sprayfo

1. Application + Cow milk versus Sprayfo January 2014

2. Application

3. Table of content Colostrum Sprayfo milk replacer Feeding systems

4. Colostrum : essential for a good start Source: University of South Carolina - USA

5. Active immunity Infection level • Maternal immunity • colostrum Immunity Level of antibodies Birth Weaning

6. Antibodies in colostrum 17% Albumine + Globuline % 18% 16% 9% 14% 12% 10% 3% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Calving 12 hours 24 hours after calving (Source Lenkheit)

7. Absorption of antibodies 0-8 hours after birth 8-24 hours after birth

8. Sprayfo Milk Replacer

9. 4-6% Digestion track PROTEIN DIGESTION FAT DIGESTION ABSORPTION FERMEN- TATION

10. FAT PROTEIN 20 micron Common Production process 1 2 3 DRY 1: PROTEIN-SOURCES 2: LACTOSE-SOURCES 3: FAT-SOURCES

11. COMMON 4-6% PROTEIN PROTEIN DIGESTION FAT DIGESTION ABSORPTION FERMEN- TATION Digestion problems Abomasum Large intestine Small intestine Oesophagus Rumen Oesophageal groove

12. Liquid raw materials Homogenization Fats Oils Dairy- ingr. Warm air Cold air heater Moisture Spray drying FILTERS Mixture of milk and vegetable oils and fats Spray-dried fat concentrates Pasteurization

13. Spray-dried milk fat / whey fat core Encapsulated fat Protein & Lactose

14. SPRAYFO PROTEIN DIGESTION PROTEIN DIGESTION PROTEIN DIGESTION FAT DIGESTION FAT DIGESTION ABSORPTION ABSORPTION FERMEN- TATION Optimal absorption 4-6% Optimal absorption Abomasum Large intestine Small intestine Oesophagus Rumen Oesophageal groove

15. Advantages of homogenization and spray-dryingof the liquid milk / fat blend Improved fat digestibility Milk replacer is stable in solution Improved visual quality (looks like milk) Clean mixers, buckets and machines Homogenization and spray-drying

16. Importance of protein digestibility Sprayfo Violet Analyse Protein 21,0% Fat 16,5% Lactose 45,0% Fibre 0,2% Etc. Expire date Producer Sloten B.V. The Netherlands Batch 61005 CMR Analyse Protein 21,0% Fat 16,5% Lactose 43,5% Fibre 0,8% Etc. Expire date Local producer Protein digestibility 95% Protein digestibility 85% Crude protein 21 % x 95% = 20%Crude protein 21 % x 85% = 17,9% Indigestible 21 % x5 % =1,0%Indigestible 21 % x 15% = 3,1 % 3 times more indigestible protein in the intestine=RISK on diarrhoea 2,1% less digestible protein = less growth

17. Importance of fat digestibility Sprayfo Violet Analyse Protein 21,0% Fat 16,5% Lactose 45,0% Crude fibre 0,2% Etc. Expire date Producer Sloten B.V. The Netherlands Batch 61005 CMR Analyse Protein 21,0% Fat 16,5% Lactose 43,5% Crude fibre 0,8% Etc. Expire date Local producer Fat digestibility 95% Fat digestibility 85% Crude fat16,5% x 95% = 15,7%Crude fat16,5% x 85% = 13,0% Indigestible16,5% x 5% =0,8%Indigestible16,5 % x 15% = 2,5% 3 times more indigestible fat in the intestine= RISK on diarrhoea 1,7 % less digestible fat / less digestible energy = less growth

18. Sprayfo Safety Package = health SLOTEN Acid Mix For a healthy abomasum. Villi Vital & Probiotic For healthy small intestines. Micro Encapsulated Fat For a better growth with less risk. Prebiotic For a more stable flora in the large intestines. Immuno Active+ For a higher level of natural resistance.

19. Sprayfo products for optimal calf rearing • Optimal inclusion of health-supporting additives • Stable in solution • Clean buckets • Good taste • Safe calf rearing • Optimal rumen development • High growth, low mortality

20. Well dosing, mixing and providing

21. Controlled feeding by bucket Controlled feeding: milk supplied twice a day Advantages Small groups (max 6 calves / group) Good monitoring Simple system Low investment Disadvantages Cleaning equipment (buckets, mixing equipment) More labour Mixing ratio less consistent Different drinking temperatures

22. Controlled feeding by automatic feeder Automatic Calf Feeding System: milk supplied ad lib. Advantages Less work = time saving Calf itself can determine when it wants to drink Constant drinking temperature and mixing ratio More feedings per day Individual feeding monitored Disadvantages Expensive?? Teaching calves how to drink Less personal control over calves Still single boxes for first 2 weeks

23. Water supply is important Water requirement: 10 – 15% of body weight 3.1 – 3.5 L/ kg dry feed (roughage/ concentrate) Direct available after colostrum period 1st week: limited 2 L of lukewarm water After 1st week, ad-lib Bowl or trough with floater

24. Start with concentrate and roughage From second week Special calf concentrate (starter) or Grain / muesli mixtures Protein content around 19% (not too fancy) From week 2-3 Roughage Alfalfa hay Coarse hay Chopped straw Artificially dried alfalfa Rich in dietary fiber - structure Tasty and daily fresh

25. Optimal growth in 1st month • Maximum growth initiated by early nutrition • Best development of body tissues like udder parenchyma, skeleton, … • Best development of body systems like immune & digestive system Gives higher farm profit Less disease and youth mortality More milk per cow Full expression of genetic potential

26. The future of milk production is born every day

27. Cow’s milk

28. Milk = income for dairy farmer Cow’s milk is produced for delivery to milk processing industry Sales of cow’s milk = basic income for dairy farm Cow’s milk of first 2-3 days after calving is undeliverable Milk of cows treated with antibiotics is undeliverable Undeliverable milk = rest milk Farmers prefer not to dump rest milk Feeding cow’s milk to calves seems easy and cheap

29. Feeding cow’s milk to calves Cow’s milk tastes good, is well-accepted by calves high intake of cow’s milk slows down intake of concentrates Cow’s milk is easy to supply correct execution means more manual work Calves on cow milk’s look good on the face of it – because of shine (high fat) and filling (rennet) Dumping rest milk is a financial loss is correct, but can be approached differently: Better management of rest milk (later)

30. Disadvantages of cow’s milk Cow’s milk may contain harmful pathogens Transmission of Para-tbc on other threats Penicillin milk contains antibiotics  Create resistance of dairy cows against penicillin Cow’s milk is too fat slows down rumen development, insufficient growth after weaning Cow’s milk is low in vitamins and trace elements  More anemia and weaker bone structure

31. Cow’s milk is variable, esp. mastitus milk Variable nutrients  variable growth  more diarrhoea Source: Sloten 2010

32. Cow’s milk is low in essential elements

33. Calves on Sprayfo grow better! Source: Schothorst Feed Research; Lelystad NL 2012

34. Rumen development Cow milk  Less concentrate intake  Bad rumen development Milk and hay Milk and grain Milk only • Conclusions: • Grain (solid feed) is directly responsible for rumen wall development. • Hay increases rumen capacity but has a little impact on rumen wall development. Source: Penn state university

35. Calves on cow’s milk get anemia 182 bull calves to trial farm Sloten in 2009 Age at arrival: over 2 weeks At arrival all calves tested on Hb value (standard) Bull calves most fed with cow’s milk Minimum – reference Hb value is 10.5 mg / 100 ml Average Hb value is 8.8  TOO LOW ! 20% meets standard > 10.5 46% too low 8 – 10.5 34% critically low < 8

36. Sprayfo is made for calf rearing

37. Sprayfo for better calf rearing More safe constant composition, less chance of diarrhoea with Safety Packege and/or specific antibodies Healthier added iron and vitamins composition enhances intake concentrates less transmission of diseases (such as Para-tbc) Simpler to feed calves irrespective of milking time especially in the case of automatic feeding less diarrhoea problems  ANDa higher profit per dairy cow!

38. The future of milk production is born every day