Metallicity and Black Hole Masses of Redshift 6 Quasars

1. Metallicity and Black Hole Masses of Redshift 6 Quasars In the Universe at z > 6 In the Universe at z > 6.0  0.5 Jaron Kurk (MPIA, D) Fabian Walter, Dominik Riechers (MPIA, D) Laura Pentericci (Monte Porzio, I) Xiaohui Fan (Steward, AZ) The moon (Mucha, 1902) The evening star (Mucha, 1902)

2. Introduction J1030+0524 z = 6.3 J1306+0356 z = 6.0 (Pentericci et al. 2002) J1148+5251 z = 6.4 (Barth et al. 2003) J0836+0054 z = 5.8 J1030+0524 z = 6.3 J1044--0125 z = 5.8 (Freudling et al. 2003) J1148+5251 z = 6.4 (Willott et al. 2003) J1030+0524 z = 6.3 J1044--0125 z = 5.8 J1048+4637 z = 6.2 J1148+5251 z = 6.4 J1306+0356 z = 6.0 (Maiolino et al. 2004) Fig. by G. Djorgovski et al.

3. Introduction J0005--0006 z = 5.9 J0836+0054 z = 5.8 J1030+0524 z = 6.3 J1306+0356 z = 6.0 J1411+1217 z = 6.0 (Kurk et al., in prep.) Large(r) sample with higher S/N and coverage of both CIV and MgII Fig. by G. Djorgovski et al.

4. NIR spectroscopy • Sample of five QSOs at z > 5.8 observable with VLT • ISAAC MR spectroscopy in SZ, J, and K bands • Texp ~ 3 hours per object per band

5. Long spectrum (hidden title) z’ SZ K Fan et al.

6. _ z = 1.253 Mean SDSS QSO Spectrum Vanden Berk et al. (2001) PL-slope  = --1.56

7. SDSS Iron Template (hidden title) SDSS “FeII” template Balmer continuum Power-law continuum Vanden Berk et al. (2001)

8. Vestergaard & Wilkes FeII template Sigut & Pradhan (2003) FeII emission under MgII line Vestergaard & Wilkes (2001)

9. FeII template Comparison MgII line Smoothed Vestergaard template Mean SDSS QSO template

10. MgII spectra ISAAC MR K-band

11. MgII spectra SDSS “FeII” template Simultaneous fit of power-law continuum, Balmer pseudo-continuum and template

12. MgII spectra Vestergaard template Simultaneous fit of power-law continuum, Balmer pseudo-continuum and template

13. MgII spectra MgII line fit After subtraction of continua and template

14. CIV spectra SZ and J band spectra

15. CIV spectra SZ and J band spectra Lorentzian curves fitted with underlying polynomial

16. Long spec again (hidden title)

17. Long spec with fit (hidden title)

18. Redshifts • CIV emission 0 < v < 4000 km s-1 blueward of MgII • MgII and Ly can differ by z = 0.02 • New redshift accuracy on the order of z ~ 0.002

19. Black Holes Masses • MgII McLure & Jarvis (2002) • CIV Vestergaard (2002) • Edd Wandel, Peterson & Malkan (1999)

20. Black Holes Masses Black hole masses in 109 M

21. FeII/MgII ratios 2.2 < FeII/MgII < 4.7, consistent with solar metallicity  Dietrich et al. (2003)  Wills, Netzer, & Wills (1985)  Thompson et al. (1999) Iwamuro et al. (2002)  Freudling et al. (2003) Dietrich et al. (2003)

22. Conclusions • Black Hole masses from 0.2 to 1.6 109 M • not only the most massive galaxies • therefore MBH-BULGE relation can hold up to the highest redshifts • No evolution in FeII/MgII ratios up to z = 6 • star formed at z > 10 • or indication for decline? • BH masses differ much more than enrichment • Accurate redshifts for follow-up and better HII region determination • Not mentioned: power-law slopes, absorption by intervening gas and/or gas within the system The morning star (Mucha, 1902) The pole star (Mucha, 1902)