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Atoms – the Nucleus

Atoms – the Nucleus. Atom - review. smallest part of element (pure substance) that has all the same properties of that element For example, if you take a lump of coal (the element carbon)

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Atoms – the Nucleus

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  1. Atoms – the Nucleus

  2. Atom - review • smallest part of element (pure substance) that has all the same properties of that element • For example, if you take a lump of coal (the element carbon) • break it into smaller and smaller pieces, the smallest piece that still acts like coal is one atom of carbon.

  3. Parts of an Atom - Review • 2 main parts • nucleus • electron cloud • Empty Space! Electron Cloud

  4. Nucleus • Nucleus is the core of the atom • Contains 2 subatomic particles: • Protons • Neutrons

  5. + Protons + Sub-atomic particle • Charge = + (positive) • Mass = 1 amu *atomic mass unit • Location = nucleus • Every atom of the same element has the same number of protons • example: • All carbon atoms have 6 protons • All Hydrogen atoms have 1 proton

  6. How do we know how many protons there are in a single atom of an element? • Use your periodic table! • The atomic number tells you how many protons there are! A

  7. How many protons are in 1 atom of: • Oxygen? • Nickel? • Hydrogen? • Which element has… • 2 protons in it’s nucleus? • 11 protons in it’s nucleus? • 5 protons in it’s nucleus?

  8. Pair Share… • Do any two elements have the same number of protons? Why/why not?

  9. = Neutrons = Sub-atomic particle • Charge = 0 (neutral) • mass = 1 amu - atomic mass unit • Location = nucleus

  10. How do we know how many neutrons there are in a single atom of an element? • Use your periodic table! First: With your partner determine the number of protons (atomic#) = _____

  11. SECOND… Look at the atomic mass of your element and round it to the nearest whole number = _____ (This number shows you how many TOTAL subatomic particles should be in the nucleus of your atom. )

  12. And last… Protons (atomic#) + Neutrons = The atomic mass of an atom – all calculable mass is contained in the nucleus! OR The atomic mass (rounded)– protons (atomic#) = the number of neutrons! How many neutrons does your element have? Raise your hand when you are ready for me to check your work! A

  13. Journal Questions – Write in complete sentences • Which 2 subatomic particles are found in the nucleus and what are their electrical charges? • Using an element key, how can you determine the number of protons an element has? • Using an element key, how can you determine the number of neutrons an element has? • What is special about the number of protons an atom has? • Where is all of the mass found in an atom?

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