Code 610 Business Development and New Opportunities

1. Code 610 Business Development and New Opportunities Earth Science April 7, 2008 Mark Schoeberl

2. Overview of Decadal Survey List Business Outlook for GSFC Assessment & Prioritization Mission Order Missions Venture Class Other Agenda

3. Overview of Decadal Survey

4. NAS Missions • ICESat II - ice sheet change • CLARREO - ERB • SMAP - Soil moisture • DESDynNI - Surface motion & Vegetation • ACE - Aerosols, clouds, ocean color • HyspIR - Land surface • SWOT - Ocean and river levels • GeoCape - geo air pollution • ASCENDS - CO2 lidar • GRACE II - ice mass and solid earth • SLCP - snow and ice • GACM - leo atmospheric trace gases • LIST - lidar topography • PATH - geo µ wave for weather • GWOS (3DWinds) - wind lidar Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3

5. NAS Missions

6. General Comments • Mission order was generated by the NAS based on technical readiness, community buy in, budget constraints • Frielich has stated that he wants to stick to the order indicated by the NAS • SMAP is ahead of ICESat II because of technical readiness • There will be $10 M next year for Pre-phase A studies of second tier (ACE is asking for $2M) • HQ is using the money to “refine the mission and DS program definition sufficiently by the end of FY09 to inform directed mission development planning for the next mission starts to follow SMAP and ICESat II.” • We need to be aggressive AND cooperative - there is enough pie for everyone. HQ understands that the Centers need money (both JPL, GSFC and LaRC) and if we can help them justify joint expenditures HQ feels good. • But to cooperate effectively it has to be win-win • Code 420 has to take the wider view as a Level 2 activity • It may be possible to push ACE ahead of DESDynI but it will only happen if DESDynI gets into trouble and ACE is perceived as ready • Goddard will likely be asked to manage ACE since JPL will likely manage DESDynI

7. Code 600 Role • We have assigned a POC for each mission • We have allocated 1 FTE for mission development work and planning • We need immediate 400 support for ACE, GEOCAPE, ASCENDS and DESDynI • The Center has already made IRAD investments in all of these missions • Venture class missions are yet undefined (some joint with Ames) • Some creative ideas for small missions have been developed locally e.g. • Cheap version of GEOCAPE • Occultation mission with Langley also flying NPOESS climate instruments (CASS) • Night illumination • Need small rockets or a DPAF for Delta 4 or Orion • Freilich does not want to spend money on Venture class until the main NAS missions are underway. • But there will be pressure to develop some kind of program

8. HQ has stated: • All Decadal Survey Missions are directed missions and will be managed by the Earth Systematic Missions (ESM) Program office at GSFC • All mission development will have a study management team, led from HQ ESD by the HQ Program Scientist and Program Executive, and including representatives from ESTO, data systems, applied sciences, and the ESM program offic

9. My Priority Assessment High Priority Medium Priority Tier Score = 4-Tier (asses the nearness of the opportunity) GSFC Instruments = number of instruments we can compete for… Cost = Mission cost (3= > 500M, 2 = 200-500M, 1 = < 200M Winnability = Probability of winning (personal assessment max=90%) Score = product of all four numbers High score missions should have Center Investment Priority - here the dashed line is drawn at 2 and 1

10. Goddard Unique Instrument Technology

11. Next Steps • Code 400 needs to provide mission management support (600 can provide scientific leadership and R&A contacts) • GSFC Earth Science needs coordination at the business side equivalent to the JPL new business office. • AETD support is also needed for mission and instrument technical work • HQ will be supplying significant $$ for this work as well. • Need to show 420 that we are working with the other Centers • We need to be cognizant that IPO and NASA still need to deal with the GFE’d climate instruments off NPOESS - some opportunities there. • Mission costs are too high across the board we should be looking at creative cost reduction ideas including technical solutions, cross agency and foreign partnerships

12. Summary of Missions

13. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Dec. Survey Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Ice Sheet Mass Balance Observe sea ice thickness Terrestrial Biomass Notional Payload Single-instrument profiling laser altimeter Swath mapper* Status White paper to HQ HQ PPT Report, presentation TRL development activities underway Mature payload and mission costs developed Science team leads Jay Zwally and Waleed Abdalati Cost: $450K - 500K (incl. reserves) LRD: 2012 Competition/collaboration: Industry: Lasers from component level to system level Center support (IRAD) Internal investments in 2007 from Center funds. HQ Support: IMDC, follow on studies, Next steps/Issues Ready to begin Phase A when funding is available GSFC Contact: Jay Zwally and Waleed Abdalati Ice Cloud and land Elevation Satellite - II (ICESat-II) Single-Pass ICESat Elevation Profile Over Antarctica Clouds and aerosols Surface elevation

14. Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) • Mission Justification/Type: NAS Dec. Survey • Mission Lead: (Platnick) • Mission Goals: • “Benchmark” global climate record of solar and emitted spectra, SI traceable, absolute accuracy and stability sufficient for observing decadal climate change AND/OR space-borne calibration laboratory (aka “NIST in space”) • Notional Payload: multiple precessing polar (90°) orbits • Status • NASA CLARREO workshop (17-19 July 2007), let by D. Anderson • Follow-on efforts led by D. Young (LaRC) • Instigators: • Jim Anderson (Harvard), Bruce Wielicki (LaRC) • Cost (according to decadal survey): $200M for 3 “small satellites” (2 for IR only, 1 for IR and solar) + $65M for CERES and TSIS on NOAA platform • Cost (realistic): No formal advanced concept mission study with detailed costs/tradeoffs • LRD: priority 1 decadal survey mission (2010-2013) • Likely Teams/Competition: • IR interferometer: U. Wisconsin (Revercomb) & Harvard, LaRC • spectrometer: CU/LASP (Kopp, Pilewskie) • Possible collaborations: • Solar: Proposed TRUTHS (Traceable Radiometry Underpinning Terrestrial- and Helio- Studies) “cal laboratory” satellite, led by Nigel Fox (UK NPL). Endorsed by CEOS/GEO. • Issues • From workshop report: “long and contentious discussion regarding specific science goals and related specific measurement requirements, as well as ultimate customers for CLARREO data products” • No consensus regarding requirements/definition • Sampling issues (for establishing benchmarks and for cross-platform calibration) • Are benchmark solar observations possible/useful? • Are future operational solar climate sensors characterized well enough to be cross-calibrated? • Establishing/confirming required accuracies

15. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Dec. Survey Mission Lead: TBD(Hydros PI-Led/MIT) JPL Project Management GSFC Science, EPO, Ground System, DAAC Leads Mission Goals: Soil Moisture and freeze/thaw for weather, water cycle processes, agricultural & health applications Notional Payload Status SMAP Workshop Report to HQ HQ PPT presentation to Freilich (E. Im/JPL) AGU presentation GSFC Science team leads O’Neill, Koster, Vollmer, Peters-Lidard Cost: $412 M LRD: 2013 Competition/collaboration: CSA Partnership from Hydros TBD for SMAP (Antenna, Feeds); also Italian and IPO interest Center support (IRAD) Level 4 (Koster, Peters-Lidard); RFI Mitigation (Jeff Piepmeier/555) HQ Support: Hydros, JPL Team X, follow on studies, Pre-Phase-A funding requested Next steps/Issues Significant heritage from Hydros design and risk-reduction activities. L-band heritage and lessons learned can be leveraged from the Aquarius project. There are no technology “show-stoppers”, and SMAP formulation is positioned to begin where Hydros left off. SMAP Team at GSFC lacks FY08 FTEs Contact: P O’Neill, Code 614.3, NASA/GSFC HQ Contact: Jared Entin, THP, NASA HQ Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) Mission

16. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Decadal Survey Mission Lead: JPL or GSFC Mission Goals: Terrestrial carbon and ecosystem structure Ice sheet dynamics for understanding climate Earth surface deformation for natural hazards Notional Payload Multibeam Lidar L-band polarimetric SAR & InSAR (2 op. modes) Status GSFC Veg3D concept report to HQ (1/07) JPL InSAR_Lidar Report presented to HQ (5/07) DESDynI Science Community workshop (7/07) Planned Ecosystem Structure workshop (3/08) Science team leads GSFC: J. Ranson, B. Blair, J. Sauber, W. Abdalati JPL; Andrea Donnellan H Zebker (Stanford), H Shugart (U. Virginia) Cost: $760M (JPL TeamX) LRD: 2010-2013 (Decadal Survey) Competition/collaboration: JPL expects mission lead and InSAR build GSFC expects multi-beam lidar build GSFC strengths are lidars and ecosystems and ice science Center support (IRAD): Laser development & reliability testing HQ Support: Expected follow on studies Ecosystem Structure workshop (3/08) Heritage: SRTM, PALSAR, SLA, LVIS Next steps/Issues Current JPL concept unacceptable for ecosystem science re orbits and duty cycle. Lidar pointing option impacts are unknown Resume development of multibeam lidar at GSFC Conduct IMDC of mission concepts Contact: J. Ranson (NASA/GSFC); A. Donnellan (JPL) Deformation, Ecosystems and Dynamics of Ice (DESDynI)

17. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Dec. Survey Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Aerosol impact on clouds and precip Ocean biology Notional Payload (dual spacecraft) Status White paper to HQ HQ PPT Report, presentation Science team (Y) leads Schoeberl, Remer, McClain, Kahn, Mischenko Cost: $1.6 B LRD: 2015 Competition/collaboration: JPL - compete for polarimeter, radar Langley - compete for HSRL lidar High freq µ-radiometer - joint JPL Center support (IRAD) Multi-beam lidar, ORCA, high frq µ-wave, radar HQ Support: IMDC, follow on studies Next steps/Issues Mission too expensive - follow on studies to reduce costs (HQ Supporting) Explore international collaboration Combining instruments RSDO Bus GSFC Contact: M Schoeberl HQ Contact: H.Maring, P.Bontempi Aerosol/Cloud/Ecosystems (ACE) * Optional instruments desired by the Science Team

18. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Decadal Survey Mission Lead: GSFC/JPL Mission Goals: Detect ecosystem responses to land management and climate change/variability Detect changes in coastal ecosystem health Map surface rock and soil composition Detect alteration and changes in surface temperature (volcanic hazards) Notional Payload Status One white paper to HQ (PPFT study) HQ PPT Reports, presentations (PPFT & HyspIRI studies) Science team (SWG) leads G Asner (Carnegie Inst.), F Muller-Karger Cost: $470M ($340M without thermal imager) LRD: 2015 (date from Decadal Survey) Competition/collaboration: JPL - compete for hyperspectral imager and thermal imager Ames – IPP relevant to spectrometer AFRL/Raytheon – collaborate on hyperspectral SEAKR – collaborate on IPSM Center support (IRAD) see related sensor web & HI-ER activities HQ Support: 2008 workshop Next steps/Issues Mission somewhat too expensive (~35%) Engage potential international partners Innovative small instrument concepts (e.g., QUIP) COTS/OSMB Bus + IPSM Competition for instrument(s) versus developing a sound mission partnership Capitalize on GSFC Intelligent Payload competency GSFC Contact: J Ranson / R Knox HQ Contact: W Turner (alt. D Wickland, P Bontempi) Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) TeamX concept for hyperspectral platform (PPFT study)

19. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Decadal Survey Mission Leads: Ohio State U. (Doug Alsdorf) JPL (E. Rodriguez and L.L. Fu) LEGOS-CNES (N. Mognard) Mission Goals: Joint mission addressing both ocean and inland (lake, river) water levels for ocean and inland water dynamics Notional Payload: Ka band wide swath radar w/C-band radar, non sun sync Two SAR antennaes 120m swath Horizontal resolution: 10-70m along swath; 5m processed along track Vertical resolution: ~0.50m vertical resolution for 10m pixels Repeat Frequency: ~10-20 days (combined ascending/descending) Status Selected as 2nd level NAS Mission Mission concept defined, details being worked out Numerous mtgs already held by OSU, JPL, CNES, UWash WATER-HM (SWOT) mission document published (See refs below) Science team leads Doug Alsdorf, OSU Lee Leung Fu and E. Rodriguez, JPL Dennis Lettenmaier, U. Wash Nelly Mognard (LEGOS-CNES) LRD: 2013-2016 Cost: $450 M Recent Meetings Official Inaugural mtg, Oct 07, Washington DC Next mtg planned Feb1, 2008, Paris. Next steps/Issues Specific science goals need refining, Sampling need to be finalized; ocean vs. inland water needs KA vs Ku band alternatives TBD Technology issues to be discussed Risk reduction studies being discussed SWOT (WATER HM) References/URL: http://bprc.osu.edu/water http://www.legos.obs-mip.fr/recherches/missions/water/ GSFC Contact: Michael Jasinski Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT)

20. Mission Type: Decadal Survey, mid time frame Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Sources, transport, and chemistry of atmospheric pollution Coastal ocean dynamics and biophysics Notional Payload: Medium-resolution (7 km) scanning UV-Vis spectrometer Very high-resolution (300 m) programmable UV-Vis-NIR imager CO imager in reflected sunlight and thermal emission Key Themes: Target processes occur rapidly at small scales: 1-3 hour sampling. Terrestrial biosphere objectives should be included. Very high-resolution, geosynchronous multi-disciplinary observatory is a shared resource for regular observations, special observing studies, and emergencies. Status: HQ mission studies (GeoMAC and integrated #5) done Cost: $0.55 to 1.3B Launch: 2013-2016 Contact: stephan.r.kawa@nasa.gov Competition/collaboration: Langley - competing for atmos component JPL - compete for hi-res (ocean) imager? CSA- provide CO detector? Center Support (IRAD’08): Optics and detector testing; pointing system design study; science requirements definition. HQ Support: Workshop/working group being discussed Next Steps/Issues: Mission too expensive Explore GeoQuikRide Refine discipline requirements Science Leads: Kawa, Janz, Pickering, Mannino, Middleton, Bhartia, Gleason, Rodriguez 8ºx8º Geostationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events Mission (GEO-CAPE)

21. Mission Type: Decadal Survey, 2nd group Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Accurately Map sources and sinks of atmospheric CO2 with global coverage, 1-2 ppmV resolution Notional Payload: 3 band lidar (all operate continuously): CO2 absorption measurements at 1572 nm, pulsed O2 (atmospheric pressure) measurements at 765 nm Surface height and aerosol profiles at ~1060 nm ~500 km circular polar orbit Key Themes: Mapping CO2 mixing ratio to improve understanding (spatial distribution & dynamics) of CO2 sinks Significant extension to initial samples made with OCO Approach offers continuous measurements day and night, all seasons & over oceans Measurements to cloud tops, through cirrus clouds and over oceans Status: Prior work in DDF, IRAD, ESTO ATI and IIP programs Demonstrated CO2 field measurements & O2 from lab Mission Cost: ~500M$ Launch: 2013-2016 Contact: james.abshire@gsfc.nasa.gov Competition/collaboration: Competition: ITT & Berrien Moore - CW approach at 1570 nm JPL - CW approach at 2 um Collaborations: Wofsy (Harvard), Fung (Berkeley), Denning, OBrien (CO State), Randerson (UC) ESA (ASCOPE mission) - potential Present GSFC Support IRAD’08 - support for O2 channel Requested support for ASCENDS IDC study HQ Support: ESTO IIP-04 program - 3rd year of funding Submitted proposal for ESTO IIP-07 program Next Steps/Issues: IDC studies for payload and mission Airborne Co2 measurements (summer 2008) Science Leads: Abshire,Kawa, Collatz, Riris, Allan, Sun, Wofsy CO2 Laser Sounder in near Polar Orbit ASCENDS (CO2 via Lidar) Mission

22. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Decadal Survey Mission Lead: JPL Mission Goals: Terrestrial water variations (incl. groundwater) Ice sheet / glacier melt Ocean circulation Notional Payload (2 identical spacecraft) Status Report/PPT presented to HQ (4/07) GRACE approved thru 2009; expected life 2012 Science team leads M Rodell, S Luthcke, B Zaitchik, R Ray Cost: $288M (reflight) - $471M (250km alt. + laser) LRD: 2012 (preferred); 2016 (Decadal Survey) Competition/collaboration: JPL built GRACE satellites UT-CSR/JPL/GFZ lead GRACE science Optional laser up for grabs Launch and ops are foreign contributions Center support (IRAD): None HQ Support: Follow on studies Heritage: GRACE, LISA Next steps/Issues Push for early start date / GRACE reflight Experimental laser is appealing Aliasing limits low alt./laser option accuracy Contact: M Rodell (NASA/GSFC); M Watkins (JPL) 24 & 32 GHz and/or laser ranging Time Variable Gravity Mapping Mission (GRACE II)

23. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Dec. Survey Mission Lead: TBDbut likely Don Cline(CLPP PI/NOAA) JPL Project Management, Radar Lead GSFC Radiometer Lead, Science participation Mission Goals: Snow Water Equivalent for weather; water cycle processes; agricultural, industrial, hydropower & other water resource applications Notional Payload Status SCLP costing exercise for HQ Airborne radar field campaigns in progress Collaboration w/ESA’s CoReH2O snow mission proposal GSFC Science team leads Kim, Foster, Hall Cost: $300-500 M depending on exact features LRD: 2012 or later depending on exact features Competition/collaboration: Interest/discussions with ESA & CONAE Center support Currently none HQ Support: JPL airborne radar+ field measurements, Team-X run, ESA collaboration Next steps/Issues Significant heritage from CLPP design and risk-reduction activities. There are no technology “show-stoppers”, and SCLP formulation is positioned to begin where CLPP left off. Contact: E.Kim, Code 614.6, NASA/GSFC HQ Contact: Jared Entin, THP, NASA HQ Snow and Cold Land Processes (SCLP) Mission

24. Mission Justification/Type: NAS Dec. Survey Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Tropospheric wind profiles Notional Payload: ‘Hybrid’ Doppler lidar on single spacecraft in polar LEO Status White paper to HQ HQ PPT Report, presentation Science team leads Gentry, Riishojgaard, McGill, Gelaro, Starr, Braun, Reineker Cost: $800 M LRD: 2016 Competition/collaboration: Langley – aerosol coherent lidar ESA – Developing ADM/Aeolus Mission for launch in late 2009 Center support (IRAD) Advanced receiver tech, Modeling capabilities and OSSEs, Aircraft data assim impact studies FY08 HQ Support: PM- Ramsesh Kakar Technology development via IIP, ACT, LRRP; Aircraft demonstration flights (AITT); Modeling and assimilation studies (WLS) Next steps/Issues Mission currently in 3rd tier. Need to address NAS panel concerns prior to next review Need to advance technology readiness Demonstrate impact via aircraft measurements Explore multi-agency mission w/NOAA,DoD Explore international collaboration Contact: B. Gentry NASA/GSFC Global Wind Observing Sounder (GWOS) Global Wind lidar from 400 km • GSFC direct detection aerosol channel of ‘hybrid’ proposed to 2007 IIP • LaRC coherent aerosol recognized by NAS report

25. Mission Justification: NAS Decadal Survey Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Climate, tectonics, erosion & topography coupling Natural hazard forecasting and mitigation Ecosystem change in response to disturbance and shifts in climate and land use Ice sheet and glacier mass balance and dynamics Water storage in lakes, reservoirs and snow cover Measurement Goals: Global mapping of surface elevations at 5 m spatial resolution and 10 cm vertical precision for ground topography, vegetation structure, and ice sheet, glacier, water and snow surfaces Repeat measurements in selected areas to monitor change Notional Payload: High-resolution, wide-swath imaging lidar Status: Mission Study ISAL and IMDC (summer 2007) S/C, LV & Comm needs met by current technology Report to NASA HQ (October 2007) Science team leads: D. Harding, J. Sauber, L. Glaze, J. Ranson, B. Knox, W. Abdalati, D. Hall, M. Jasinski Cost: $596M (GSFC IMDC estimate) LRD: 2016 Competition/collaboration: Commercial sector and MIT/Lincoln Labs compete for imaging lidar development JPL InSAR competes as alternative measurement Center support: GSFC IRADs - Lidar Performance Analysis, Solid-state Imaging System, Fiber Laser Development LVIS Fiber laser demonstration flight - Oct 2007 HQ Support: ESTO IIP (2006-08): SIMPL Earthscope, National Lidar, PIDDP, ACT, NRAs Requested high-altitude airborne demo in 2008 Heritage (GSFC): Spaceflight: SLA, MOLA, GLAS, MLA, LOLA Airborne: ATM, LVIS, MMLA Next steps/Issues Complete and publish mission white-paper Instrument technology advancement (fiber lasers, efficient detectors, high speed electronics) Contact: D. Harding (GSFC, Science), B. Blair (GSFC, Instrument), J. LaBrecque (HQ, Prg Manager) Lidar Surface Topography (LIST) ISAL Instrument Concept Ice Sheet and Glacier Change Global Water Balance Vegetation Structure Topography and Hazards

26. Mission Type: Decadal Survey (2016-2020) Mission Lead: GSFC Instruments #1 a/o 2 (below) could be built at GSFC Mission Goals: Ozone Recovery Intercontinental transport of pollution Notional Payload: Limb-viewing Microwave Spectrometer (JPL) UV/VIS Spectrometer (GSFC) SWIR & TIR Spectrometer (Lockheed) Key Themes: Use the limb instrument to study the upper troposphere and the stratosphere. Use UV/VIS to study to study O3, SO2, NO2, HCHO and aerosols. O3 and HCHO measurements may be enhanced by using SWIR/TIR channels. Use SWIR/TIR to study CO. Status: HQ mission studies considered both SSO and non-SSO Cost: $1B+ Launch: 2018 Contact: P. K. Bhartia (pawan.bhartia@nasa.gov) Competition/collaboration: JPL - TES team is designing a interferometer to cover UV to TIR bands. KNMI/NL- may provide UV/VIS instrument CSA - may provide the CO instrument Center Support (IRAD’08): Design of a high spatial resolution UV/VIS spectrometer to determine plume height by stereo viewing. HQ Support: HQ POC - Jucks, Hilsenrath Next Steps/Issues: Mission too expensive explore using limb IR instrument instead of limb-microwave or keeping microwave vertical resolution same as Aura/MLS Mission Science Definition Team: Herman, Joiner, Chance, Torres, Krotkov, Gleason, Duncan, Pickering, Janz, Livesy, Jacob Global Atmospheric Composition Mission Mission (GACM) NO2 over India

27. Venture Class • CASS • Nightsat • Boreas • Geoview • LOCS • Methane

28. Venture Class Satellite

29. Mission Justification/Type: Obligation to Congress – Monitor stratospheric constituents Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Ozone & important constituent monitoring Ozone hole recovery monitoring Upper tropospheric changes Notional Payload Status HQ PPT Report, presentation Science team leads Jackman,Walker,Zawodny,Pilewskie,McCormick,Bernath,Schoeberl,Melo,Prather Cost: $120 - 200M LRD: 2013 Collaboration: GSFC – Overall mission management, Project Scientist ARC - Build/buy spacecraft & integration LaRC – Refurbish SAGE III CSA – Build ACE II, no cost to NASA Center support - ? HQ Support - ? Next steps/Issues Is HQ interested in monitoring stratosphere? Need IMDC study for cost evaluation Could involve Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); may be able to provide Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM IV) at no cost to NASA NOAA provide TSIS? GSFC Contact: C. Jackman HQ Contact: E. Hilsenrath Chemical and Aerosol, Solar Satellite (CASS) CASS is modeled on the Canadian SCISAT * Optional instrument since Sun-pointing

30. Mission Justification/Type: Venture Class Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Night light measurements to evaluate energy use and as a proxy for human activity Notional Payload: Panchromatic camera plus multi-spectral camera, 50 m ground resolution Status 2page fact sheet, HQ presentation Science team leads Marc Imhof Cost: <$100 M LRD: 2010 Competition/collaboration: Joint with NASA Ames JSC ISS Imagery Center support Part of Venture class initiative FY08 HQ Support: none Next steps/Issues Continued notional mission development joint with Ames Contact: M. Imhof NightSat Color composite of nocturnal lights Nigeria region: blue 1995, green 2000, and red 2006. Flare colors indicate activity patterns during the years used for the composite.

31. Mission Justification/Type: Venture Class Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Prevent "busted" 5-day forecasts at mid-latitudes Improve hurricane track forecasts Comprehensive real time arctic winds Mission Description 11 satellites @ 780 km in 6 planes @ 84 degree inclination @ 9 minute overpasses Launch vehicle - international commercial 6-pack launches Notional Payload: Uncooled microbolometric thermal IR array 2 km resolution, <15 min cadence, stable calibration Autonomous attitude knowledge, <1 mrad Resource envelope: <25 kg, <50 W, <1 Mbps, <0.2x0.3x0.5 m Status 2page fact sheet, HQ presentation Science team leads Dennis Chesters Cost: <$1 M / Instrument, $30 M NRE, $10M I&T LRD: 2010 Competition/collaboration: Iridium LLC <= lead? NOAA & NCEP EUMETSAT & ECMWF JCSDA & Un. Wisconsin Center support Part of Venture class initiative FY08 HQ Support: none Next steps/Issues TECHNICAL CHALLENGE Design an inexpensive, robust IR imager with built-in attitude determination that can be flown on comsats without significantly impacting their commercial operation PROGRAMMATIC CHALLENGE Formulate a business plan for ride-along instruments that Iridium LLC can sell to investors and to the international beneficiaries of polar winds Establish NASA's role as instrument developer to Iridium LLC Contact: D. Chesters/GSFC Boreas

32. Mission Justification/Type: Venture Class High risk-reward science objective Complementary to GEO-CAPE Decadal Survey Mission Mission Lead: GSFC-Ames collaboration Mission Goals: Demonstrate ability to determine air pollution sources, transport, and chemical transformations from geosynchronous orbit. Measure O3 near the Earth surface at high temporal/spatial resolution over North America Notional Payload: Piggy-back spacecraft and launch to be provided by commercial communication satellite Status ARC-GSFC mission summary, presentation to HQ 12/07 Cost: $180M (est.) LRD: 2013 Science Team Leads: S. R. Kawa (GSFC 613.3), R. B. Chatfield (ARC) Contact: S. Randy Kawa, stephan.r.kawa@nasa.gov 301/614-6004 Competition/collaboration: Include LaRC, science community analysis Center support needed (IRAD) UV instrument testing (GSFC) Determine commercial vendor for launch/bus (ARC) Design, build, and test NIR O3 detector (ARC/LMATC) HQ Support: Venture Mission AO Next steps/Issues Finding a ride to Geo High altitude aircraft instrument and retrieval algorithm demo needed Difference between solar IR total column and UV partial column is most sensitive to O3 near the surface. Geo-View

33. Mission Type: Venture Class Candidate Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Demonstrate (for first time) laser absorption measurements of atmospheric CH4 (or CO) from orbit Notional Payload: ~400 km circular polar orbit MOLA sized instrument (~50W, 50 Kg) Atmospheric CH4 measurements via DIAL at 1651 nm Fiber laser pumped OPO transmitter Possible extension (or alternative) to measure CO Key Themes: CH4 sources expected to increase in Arctic from melting permafrost Demonstrate initial global measurements of CH4 to improve understanding (spatial distribution & dynamics) of CH4 sources Orders of magnitude improvement on sampling density compared to ground-based measurements Approach offers continuous measurements day and night, all seasons & over oceans Also serves as demonstration for bio-marker gas measurements from Mars orbit Status: Prior measurement demonstrations via DDF and IRAD programs Similar work for CO2 & O2 via ESTO ATI & IIP programs Competition/collaboration: Competition: Not aware of any Potential Collaborations: ESA (ASCOPE mission) - potential Present GSFC Support IRAD’08 - support for CH4 channel, laser, detectors HQ Support: Submitted proposal (7/07) ROSES MIDP program Submitted proposal (10/07) ROSES PIDDP program Next Steps/Issues: Sensitive detector demo (spring 2008) Combined sensitive open path measurements (summer 2008) Science Leads: Abshire, Collatz, Riris, Allan, Sun, + others Mission Cost: ~100M$ Launch: 2013-2016 Contact: james.abshire@gsfc.nasa.gov Atmospheric CH4 Venture Class Mission

34. Mission Justification/Type: Venture Class; cf. CEOS/GEOSS requirements Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Radiometric cross-calibration of missions observing land surfaces at reflected solar wavelengths (15-30 m GSD mapping) Risk reduction for on-board data QA and future webs of hyperspectral sensors Targeted ecosystem measurements Technology risk reduction for longer range goal to develop "Gold Standard" for radiometric cross-calibration Notional Payload Status HI-ER HQ presentation & fact sheet (12/07) Feedback led to revised concept Science and applications team leads GSFC: D. Williams, J. Morisette Ames: E. Sheffner, S. Hipskind Cost: $100-200M LRD: as early as late 2012 Competition/collaboration: Ames – science collaboration; applications lead; IPP relevant to imager NIST – collaborate on absolute radiometric cal. AFRL/Ames – microsatellite bus (ORSB) Coordinate obs. with CLARREO (~1 km pixels) JPL – competing imager/mission concepts? Puts GSFC in better position to vie for HysperII Center support (IRAD): Directed support of land hyperspectral concept work Heritage: EO-1, Landsat 5/7 cross-calibration Next steps/Issues Mature the mission concept, with partners Identify / select spectrometer type Design orbit to maximize coincident observations with other missions GSFC Contact: D. Williams, J. Morisette, R. Knox HQ Contact: TBD Land Observing Calibration Satellite (LOCS)

35. Other Opportunities • Climate Mission 1 • TIRS (LDCM) • MIS (NPOESS)

36. Other

37. Mission Justification/Type: Mitigate NPOESS descope resulting from Nunn-McCurdy Certification / Mitigate loss of Landsat and ASTER thermal data Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals: Continue Climate Data Records Solar Irradiance Earth’s Radiation Budget Aerosols MODIS land, atmosphere, ocean, fire products Notional Payload Status OSTP Workshop held June 19 - 21, 2007 Cost: TBD ~ $1B LRD: TBD ~ 2014 Competition/collaboration: Center support (IRAD): None HQ Support: None Heritage: SORCE, Terra, Aqua, Landsat, JASON Next steps/Issues Strategize w/ NASA HQ - Bryant Cramer Contact: TBD Climate Mission 1

38. Mission Type: Flight of Opportunity on Operational Satellite System Mission Lead: GSFC Mission Goals (LDCM): Multidecadal monitoring, mapping, and characterization of land cover/land use change Landsat data continuity Notional Sensor: Two-band thermal imager Microbolometer focal plane 120 m spatial resolution, 185 km swath Key Themes (TIRS): Landsat data continuity Water resource management Cloud cover assessment Land surface T mapping for multiple applications Status: Pending now-unlikely direction from HQ to add TIRS to LDCM payload Direction would delay LDCM launch date Cost: $90M (instrument plus spacecraft integration) Launch: LDCM Launch Readiness Date: July, 2011 Science Leads: Irons, Masek Instrument Manager: Cathy Richardson Contact: James.R.Irons@nasa.gov Competition/collaboration: none Center Support: Center took instrument concept to system design review (SDR) dry-run in Sept. 2007 with LDMC Project funding - no further funding HQ Support: Directed LDCM project to specify TIRS accommodations in LDCM spacecraft RFP No further funds for concept development Next Steps/Issues: Look for another flight of opportunity Support proactive advocacy of thermal data users (e.g., Western States Water Council) Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS) for LDCM

39. Backup

40. Each decadal mission has a GSFC science lead Missions Other NPOESS mission opportunities…