Chesapeake Bay: An Introduction to an Ecosystem Section 4: Habitats II-1D

1. Chesapeake Bay: An Introduction to an Ecosystem Section 4: Habitats II-1D View this quiz as a slide show from “the beginning” During the slide show, you can right click on any slide and choose pointer options then pen or highlighter to write on any slide. But you will need to right click & choose pointer options then arrow before you can click on any of the navigation links again. Click to Start

2. II-1D-1 Name four major habitat areas are critical to the survival of the living resources of the Bay. Islands and Inlands Freshwater Tributaries Shallow Water Open Water No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

3. II-1D-2 ________ and __________ ___________ are particularly important to waterfowl, other migratory birds and colonial waterbirds. Forests forested wetlands On inlands & Islands Hint Answer Next Slide

4. II-1D-3 ______________, _______________and _________________ form the transition from water to land. These areas act as buffers by removing sediments, nutrients, organic matter and pollutants from runoff before these substances can enter the water. Streambanks floodplains wetlands On Inlands & Islands Hint Answer Next Slide

5. II-1D-4 AtlanticFlyway The Bay lies within the ______________, a major migration route for neotropical migrants and migrating waterfowl, and is a significant resting area for birds. Initials A. F. Hint Answer Next Slide

6. II-1D-5 Name two reasons that islands are eroding at alarming rates. sea level rise erosive force of wind and waves. No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

7. II-1D-6 Surrounded by water and cut off from most large predators, Bay islands are a haven for __________ ____________ (terns and herons), ___________ (ducks) and _________ (osprey and bald eagles). colonial waterbirds waterfowl raptors No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

8. II-1D-7 Islands also can protect underwater bay grasses and shallow water areas from _____________ and _______________. erosion sedimentation No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

9. II-1D-8 Name the five major rivers that provide almost 90% of the freshwater to the Bay. Susquehanna Potomac Rappahannock York James Polite Suzy really likes James York Hint Answer Next Slide

10. II-1D-9 Semi-anadromous __________________ fish, such as white and yellow perch, inhabit tidal tributaries but also require freshwater to spawn. No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

11. II-1D-10 Anadromous _______________ fish spend their adult lives in the ocean but must spawn in freshwater. No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

12. II-1D-11 Name seven anadromousfish species that live in the Bay: striped bass (rockfish) blueback herring Alewife American shad hickory shad shortnose sturgeon Atlantic sturgeon. No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

13. II-1D-12 While all of these anadromousand semi-anadromousspecies have different habitat requirements, all must have access to freshwater spawning grounds. Why are many of the historical spawning grounds no longer available to fish? due to dams and other obstacles No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

14. II-1D-13 Fish not only need access to spawning grounds but require good stream and water quality conditions for the development and survival of eggs and juvenile fish. Name four things that degrade spawning & nursery habitat? Nutrients chemical contaminants excessive sediment low dissolved oxygen No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

15. II-1D-14 Name five predators, that forage for food in the bay grass beds, tidal marshes and shallow shoreline margins. blue crabs Spot striped bass waterfowl colonial waterbirds raptors No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

16. II-1D-15 Even unvegetatedareas, exposed at low tide, are productive feeding areas. Explain the life cycle in this area Microscopic plants cycle nutrients and are fed upon by crabs and fish. No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

17. II-1D-16 killifish _________, __________ and _________of larger fish species use bay grass beds, tidal marshes and shallow shoreline margins as nursery areas and for refuge. Shrimp juveniles No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

18. II-1D-17 fallen trees Along shorelines, _______________ and ________________ also give cover to small aquatic animals. limbs No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

19. II-1D-18 Open water also supports ___________ and other bottom dwellers. These filter feeders help maintain water quality by filtering suspended organic particles out of the water. oysters No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

20. II-1D-19 oysterreef The _________________ itself is a solid structure that provides habitat for other shellfish, finfish and crabs. No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

21. II-1D-20 Name eight fish that live in the open, or pelagic, waters of the Bay. Striped bass Bluefish Weakfish American shad blueback herring Alewife bay anchovy Atlantic menhaden No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

22. II-1D-21 Although unseen by the naked eye, microscopic plants and animal life (_____________) float in the open waters. These tiny organisms form the food base for many other animals. plankton No hint Hint Answer Next Slide

23. II-1D-22 Hundreds of thousands of wintering ducks, particularly sea ducks like _______, __________ and ___________, depend on open water for the shellfish, invertebrates and fish they eat during the winter months. scoters mergansers oldsquaw No hint Hint Answer Last Slide