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Hidden and open heavy flavour in d(p)A production at RHIC energies

Hidden and open heavy flavour in d(p)A production at RHIC energies. Denis Jouan Institut de physique nucléaire Orsay. 10-100 GeV d or p A collisions . foreword RHIC and also 10-100 GeV experiments Heavy quarkonia production Open heavy flavours comments. forewords.

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Hidden and open heavy flavour in d(p)A production at RHIC energies

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  1. Hidden and open heavy flavour in d(p)A production at RHIC energies Denis Jouan Institut de physique nucléaire Orsay Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegravedecember 2013

  2. 10-100 GeV d or p A collisions • foreword • RHIC and also 10-100 GeVexperiments • Heavy quarkonia production • Open heavyflavours • comments Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  3. forewords • Centered on RHIC results- at the moment mostlyphenix d-Au - withsome extensions fromlower collision energies • Veryrichdomain, a lot of progress has been made in the last 10-20 years, especially for quarkonia. Will not covereverything( is the subject of thispast and future network) • Are therepeculiar trends, beyond the « average one »,  possibly signature of one of the expected cold nucleareffects ? • Thanks to the organizers of this meeting for the opportunity of exchanges. Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  4. Heavy flavors: a probe of the medium • In particular the interest of the quarkonias , sensitive to screening in QGP • The sharing betweentheseeffects • need to bedetermined •  cold « nuclear » mattereffectneeds to beunderstoodunambiguously • Two main classes ? • - associatedwithNuclei(shadowing, CGC… • - associatedwith collision (Eloss, absorption, breakup, comovers (in facttogether in « higher twist ») H.Satz hep-ph 0609197 2006 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  5. For ψ nucleus parton distribution Anti-shadowing Startingfromparametrizationshadowing-antishadowingEMC , for gluons shadowing EMC FromR.VogtPRC 71, 054902 (2005) Using (Y, Pt) -> Xt or XP One finallytransforms the effect as a function of rapidity Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  6. p-A heavyflavourmeasurementsat the 10-200 GeV (√s) Previoussaporegravis network produced a beautifuldatabase ! In HEP DATA Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  7. Severalways of quantifying the suppression effect • pA cross sections : alpha parameter • RpA: production ratio betweenpA and pp*Ncoll [wellsuited for centralitydomain, for instance Rcp central/peripheral, and one system] Also, a traduction of RpA or  canbeperformed, for instance to get an equivalent absorption cross section (exponential alternative to A pA= k A NA60 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  8. pAαA Shouldscalewith parton X2 ? NA60 PLB 706 2012 263 General increase of the effectwithXF Effectdecreasingwithincreasingenergy A suppression as a function of the longitudinal variable, whichisalso a general trend in soft productions: the assymetry of the Y distribution associated to the assymetry of the p-A collision Nch Phobos PRC 72 031901 ( If abs, itincreaseswith Y) Lourenco et al. : no universal  Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegravedecember 2013

  9. RHICat Brookhaven National laboratory Collider from p to U, 3 to 500 GeV/n, p polarized Impressive increase of luminosityduring the last decade Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  10. J/ψ CNM suppression at RHIC : RdAu STAR, JaroslavBielcik, Hard Probes 2013 Phenix and Star Results in agreement Suppression of J/ψ , consistent witheffect of shadowing and nuclear absorption Also: PHENIX and STAR observe the decreaseisatlow PT Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  11. J/ψ PHENIX Suppression, increasingwithrapidity and withcentrality . Can bequitereproducedwith structure function+shadowing, and nuclear absorption Mais ce qui est important c’est qu’on est sensibles a la forme de la suppression ! Donc a sa nature !!(absorption fixe, EPS09, … ) Rcpcentralitydependence Y RdAu: averagedAueffect Slopeis sensitive to the thicknessdependence of the suppression in the nucleus Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013 Y

  12. more Increase in backward Y (Au going) <PT2> Increaseswith Pt. Cronin multiple scatteringeffect gluon distributions are not verywellknown, but evenassumingshadowingantishadowingsimilar to quarks, the assymetrybackward/forward and Pt distribution are not simultaneouslyreproduced Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013 PHENIX PRC87, 034904 (2013)

  13. Whereasthey compare in peripheralreactions, backward and forwardRdAu have differentevolution In the backwardregion the shadowing model leads to a decreasewith Pt Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  14. ~Phenix PRL96 012304 The proof of the shadowingis in the… Long standing puzzle with X2…. QCD factorizationviolated by higher twist mechanismsD.KharzeevNucPhys 1770 2006 40, citingBrodsky 1991 Mike Leitch, BNL 01/2013 The parton distribution in the nucleus is not clearly the cause This shows that the « shadowing » is not the main effect (S.Peigné QWG2013) Anotherexplanation: the « soft » interactions (Eloss), in the travelacross the medium, couldreproduceboth Y and Pt distribution, for all energies and quarkonia, withonlyone parameter Arleo, Peigné, 1212.0434 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegravedecember 2013

  15. Rapidity, energy, and proper time dependences of the absorption Separate absorption (EPS09 NLO) fromshadowing , by fittingrapidity distributions Atmid and backward (heavy one) rapidity the absorption depends on the time spent by the particle in the target (α L/γ) Mc Glinchey, FrawleyVogt 1208.2667 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  16. PHENIX arXiv:1305.5516 Y’ Another surprise: much more important suppression for Y’ than for the Y The Y’ isexpected to meltbefore the J/Y, due to itslarger radius and smallerbindingenergy. It isobserved in SPS H.I.collisions, but not expected in d-Au atRHIC due to the smalleravailable time Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  17. arXiv:hep-ph/9907286 UnexpecteddifferencebetweenY’andY suppression at the beginning of the formation process. more quarkoniaspeciesbecomeavailable prospects for thestudy of the quarkoniasuppression with respect to theirbindingenergy Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegravedecember 2013

  18. ϒ in STAR 2009 pp (Borrowedfrom Manuel Calderon de la Barca, WWND 2013) Final values publishedsoon (0.67 ?)  Additional cold matter suppression Rakotozafindrabe al 2012 1207.3193 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013 Probing gluon EMC

  19. ϒ in PHENIX • Lowstatistics, then no significantconstraint. Reasonable agreement withNLOcalculations • Suggests a backward suppression, • couldbeinduced by the parton distributions (EMC effect) • A possible atypicalbehaviour of hard production (%soft) • a unique PDF effect ? • (+cf J/psi ?) • Or nuclear break up ? E772 PRL66 2285 (1992) Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  20. ϒ: sensitive measurement ? (If confirmedwith more precision) « EMC » effect ? (for gluons) Or Eloss + breakup ? (Y<0) Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  21. Open Heavy Flavor H.Satzthismorning: we have to consider the ratio hidden/open HF (Nelson, Vogt, Frawleyarxiv:1210.4610 : aim at calculating quarkonia from model tuned on open flavor production in pp ) Open flavor originates from the same production mechanism as quarkonia Single leptons from HF Harder than quarkonia to extract: must be separated from the contribution from low masses mesons c -> D (*, ̅, 0, +,s ….) -> D+,- or D0 or Ds+,- (~16%)(~7%)(~7%)-> lepton + anything (also b-> B->D + X ) [*] One way: single leptons: [*] a correlated component of likesigndimuons has been extracted (L.Patel, DIS2013) Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  22. Single leptons in PHENIX - Peripheral collisions: RdAu~1 - Withcentrality Low Pt: Increase in backward (Au) domain Decrease in forward (d) domain Central rapiditydomain: compares withbackward one Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  23. Open vs hidden Withcentrality - d rapidityhemisphere: Similar suppression for hidden and open Au hemisphere Quarkonia suppression (smaller) Reverse behaviour for openHF: increase of Open HF Archiv1310.1005 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  24. Non photonicelectron in STAR RHIC p-p NPE STAR and PHENIX measurements are consistents, and with FONLL PRD83 2011 052006 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  25. STAR open HF: D (FromC.Kikola , DIS 2013) 2009 measurement, PRD 86 072013 RdAu displays a clearincrease Also for D production. RHIC resultscontrastswith HERA B and E789 results (α~1) ? (Y~0) d-Au: PRL 94 (2005) 62301 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  26. Lowerenergy D meson: Ratherstrongdependence of pAevolutionwithrapidity Mike Leitch BNL pA workshop 07/01/2013 Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegrave december 2013

  27. 10-200 GeV (d)p-A CNM HF • Benefitsfrommeasurement on a widerapiditydomain, effects are stronglydepending on « rapidity » (PT too) • Still to weight the differentprocesses , oftenleading to qualitativelysimilarrapidity pattern. Needed for AA. Questions the basic knowledges of collision. • dramaticeffectsappearswhengoingfrom pp to pA(dAu): - Psiprime suppression and additional suppression - Upsilon backwardeventual suppression (suggestedat RHIC, seenat FNAL) ? - Backward and central Y increase of the open HF • Strong Open/hiddenbackwarddifference • PDF or Eloss and/or breakup ? (PDF: second ordereffect (not scalingwith X2) ? • Quarkonia: QGP thermometer in AA , CNM chronometer in pA? • Let’s continue toward the motion picture of the collisions ! Denis Jouan, Nantes cold effects saporegravedecember 2013

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