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Chapter 6: Piloting

Chapter 6: Piloting. Instructor: Forrest Meiere. All Questions and Problems from the Study Guide. PowerPoint Presentation by Forrest Meiere. S6-l. What distinguishes PILOTING from other branches of navigation?.

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Chapter 6: Piloting

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  1. Navigation Study Guide Chapter 6: Piloting Instructor: Forrest Meiere All Questions and Problems from the Study Guide PowerPoint Presentation by Forrest Meiere

  2. Navigation Study Guide S6-l. What distinguishes PILOTING from other branches of navigation? The reference to charted landmarks, ATONs and depth soundings. S6-2. Why are LOPs drawn on buoys (floating atons) to be treated with caution? Buoys can be sunk or off station. (Buoys can be moved and the new position may not be on the chart being used.)

  3. Navigation Study Guide S6-3. What is the proper way to label an LOP? On its top with the time of observation (24 hour system) and on the bottom with the bearing from the vessel to the object. S6-4. How can a relative bearing be used to plot an LOP? Add the relative bearing to the true heading to obtain an LOP.

  4. Navigation Study Guide S6-5. How can a range be used to obtain an LOP if no bearing was obtained for the range? Extend the range until it crosses the course line. As with any LOP, record the time the alignment occurred on the top of the LOP S6-6. A circle of position is based on a measurement of distance to the charted object. What methods of measuring distance are generally available to the navigator? • RADAR • Measurement of vertical angle with a sextant • Range Finder

  5. Navigation Study Guide S6- 7. When using the height of an object printed on the l2l0-Tr chart, what are the units used and what is the reference (datum) for the measurement? feet; Mean High Water S6-8. List six type of FIXES discussed in the text. • Cross Bearing; b. Range and Bearing; • c. Two Ranges; d. Two Distances; • e. Distance and Bearing of Object; • f. Passing close to a fixed Aid to Navigation.

  6. Navigation Study Guide S6-9. What factors can affect the accuracy of an LOP? a. Inaccurate measurement of relative bearings b. Mathematical Errors c. Inaccurate Compass Readings d. Inaccurate Plotting S6-10. How are visual FIXES labeled? A point with a full circle around it and the time (in 24 hour format) parallel to the horizontal base of the chart

  7. Navigation Study Guide S6-11. List the steps necessary to plot a running fix. • Allow for a time lapse between the 1st and 2nd bearing • One LOP is advanced by moving it parallel to itself in the direction of the course line for the distance traveled. The intersection of these two LOPs is the Running Fix. • A new dead reckoning plot is started at the position of the R FIX • d. Avoid advancing an LOP more than 30 minutes End of Questions

  8. Navigation Study Guide PROBLEMS: Use the 1210- Tr chart and the deviation table in Lesson 2. P6-1. With the object dead ahead (RB 000°), plot and label the following LOPs: P6-1 OBJECT TIME BEARING a. MONUMENT, CUTTYHUNK I. 6:13 p.m. 330 1813/330 b. CUPOLA, NAUSHON I.(NE) 9:30 a.m. 012C 0930/000

  9. Navigation Study Guide P6-1 OBJECT TIME BEARING c. SPIRE, CHILMARK, 1 :00 p.m. 314C MARTHA'S VINEYARD 1300/298 d. SPIRE, GAY HEAD 10:53 p.m. 168C MARTHA'S VINEYARD 2253/150 e. WATER TOWER 10:16 a.m. 157C WOODS HOLE 1016/140 f. TOWER 7:30 a.m. 288C GOOSEBERRY NECK 0730/270

  10. Navigation Study Guide P6-1 OBJECT TIME BEARING g. TOWER 8:01 a.m. 358C GOOSEBERRY NECK 0801/345 h. BUTLER FLATS LIGHT 6:25 a.m. 334C NEW BEDFORD 0625/320 i. NEW BEDFORD 6:25 a.m. 324C R TR (WNBH) 0625/309

  11. Navigation Study Guide P6-1 OBJECT TIME BEARING j. TOWER, WEST ISLAND 3:28 a.m. 288C 0328/270 k. SOUTH TIP, PENIKESE I. 2:31 p.m. 039C 1431/030 l. RADAR TOWER midnight12:00 005C MARTHA'S VINEYARD 0000/352

  12. Navigation Study Guide P6-2. Plot and label the following ranges: P6-2 TIME OBJECT (A) OBJECT (B) a. 2:15 a.m. GAY HEAD, SPIRE GAY HEAD LIGHT Alt Gp Fl (3)&(1) R 40 s 0215 b. 2: 15 p.m. MARTHA'S VINEYARD CHILMARK SPIRE RADAR TOWER 1415 c. 3:12 p.m. MARTHA'S VINEYARD LOOKOUT TOWER AERO Rot W & G 1512

  13. Navigation Study Guide P6-2 TIME OBJECT (A) OBJECT (B) d. 12:23 a.m. WOODS HOLE DOME WATER TOWER 0023 e. 7:35 a.m. ROUND HILL POINT WINDMILL TANK 0735 f. 8:35 p.m. NASHAWENA ISLAND MONUMENT HOUSE 2035 g. 11 :23 a.m. CUTTYHUNK ISLAND MONUMENT LOOKOUT TOWER 1123

  14. Navigation Study Guide P6-2 TIME OBJECT (A) OBJECT (B) h. 6:28 p.m. CUTTYHUNK I. NASHAWENA I. LOOKOUT TOWER MONUMENT 1828 i. 9:13 a.m. MARTHA'S VINEYARD MENEMSHAPOND RADAR TOWER ENTRANCE LIGHT 0913 j. 10:17 p.m. FALMOUTH TOWER STACK 2217

  15. Navigation Study Guide P6-3. Plot and label the following Circles of Position: • OBJECT TIME DISTANCE(M) • GAY HEAD 10:15 p.m. 3.1 • Alt Gp PI (3) W & (1) R • 40 Sec 170 ft 17 M 2215 D 3.1 D3.7 0715 D 2.0 b. CUTTYHUNK ISLAND 7:15a.m. 2.0 LOOKOUT TOWER 0625 D 4.2 c. MARTHA'S VINEYARD 6:25 a.m. 4.2 LOOKOUT TOWER

  16. Navigation Study Guide OBJECT TIME DISTANCE(M) d. GAY HEAD SPIRE 8:25 a.m. 6.5 0825 D 6.5 1428 D 5.0 e. MARTHA'S VINEYARD 2:28 p.m. 5.0 AERO Rot W & G f. NOMANS LAND 11 :38 p.m. 5.2 NORTH TIP 2338 D 5.2 0003 D 3.2 g. PENIKESE I. 12:03 a.m. 3.2 SOUTH TIP

  17. Navigation Study Guide OBJECT TIME DISTANCE(M) h. WOODS HOLE 3:15 p.m. 2.6 WATER TOWER 1515 D 2.6 1818 D 1.8 i. BUTLER FLATS LIGHT 6:18 p.m. 1.8 D3.7 j. GOOSEBERRY NECK 5:27 p.m. 1.9 TOWER 1727 D 1.9 1300 D3.7 • BUZZARD'S LIGHT 1:00 p.m. 3.7 • PI 2.5sec 101ft 22M HORN

  18. Navigation Study Guide P6-4. At 10:30 p.m., while on a course of C231 at 10.0 kn, from Buoy "27" FIG 4 sec BELL, in Vineyard Sound, you note a light flashing every six seconds on the starboard beam (090R) when your heading is 251C. C231 S10.0 a. Draw the course line and label it: 2230 321 b. Plot the bearing and label it:

  19. Navigation Study Guide P6-5. While heading 251C, at 7:00 p.m. south of PASQUE Island, you note a flashing green light every four seconds off your port bow (315R). Plot the bearing and label it. 1900 186

  20. Navigation Study Guide P6-6. The MONUMENT on NASHAWENA ISLAND can be seen off the starboard bow (045R) while on heading 25lC at 9:30 a.m. Plot the bearing and label it. 0930 276

  21. Navigation Study Guide 6-7 . On another day at 6:25 a.m., while running C262C at S 10.0, you sight the CUTTYHUNK ISLAND MONUMENT on the starboard beam over the vessel's compass at 090R. At the same time you note that the MONUMENT and the HOUSE on NASHA WENA ISLAND are in range. a. What is the compass bearing of the CUTTYHUNK MONUMENT? 352C b. Plot and label the FIX, and determine its latitude and longitude: DOT WITHIN CIRCLE, 0625 L: 41° 22.8'N Lo: 70° 55.4W

  22. Navigation Study Guide 6-8. Southeast of GAY HEAD on MARTHA'S VINEYARD at 1527, you are barely making way, and you take a bow bearing of 322C on GAY HEAD SPIRE. You then turn the boat toward the AERO Rot W & G beacon at the airport on MARTHA'S VINEYARD and obtain a bearing of 029C. a. Plot and label these two LOPs and the resulting FIX: 15271527 307019 DOT WITHIN CIRCLE, 1527 b. What is the position of the FIX? L: 41° 15.7'N Lo: 70° 40.4'W

  23. Navigation Study Guide 6-9. At 0625 you are between NASHAWENA ISLAND and GAY HEAD and note that the MONU- MENT and HOUSE on NASHAWENA ISLAND are in range. You also note that the SPIRE and the light on GAY HEAD (Alt Gp PI (3) W & (1) R 40 sec, 170 ft 17 M) are in range. Plot these two LOPs and plot and label the FIX they form. FIX label: DOT WITHIN CIRCLE, 0625 What is the position of the FIX? L: 41° 22.8'N Lo: 70° 55.4'W

  24. Navigation Study Guide 6-10. At 0715, while on course ofC288C at ordered speed of 10.0 to, you detect a strong PIP on the RADAR at the NW tip of GAY HEAD, range 5.6M. You also notice a good PIP about the center of CUTTYHUNK ISLAND which you decide is the TOWER and measure the range at 5.1M. Plot and label these two LOPs and the FIX they determine. DOT WITHIN CIRCLE, 0715 RADAR a. FIX label: L: 41° 20.3'N Lo: 70° 57.5'W b. Position: 083 c. Bearing to PIP on GAY HEAD: 012 d. Bearing to PIP on CUTTYHUNK:

  25. Navigation Study Guide P6-11. While underway at 2215 on course C239C, you take a RADAR distance (5.1M) and bearing (082R) on the North tip of NOMANS LAND. Plot and label the LOPs, determine and label the FIX, and provide its position. DOT WITHIN CIRCLE, 2215 RADAR a. FIX label: L: 41°13.2'N Lo: 70° 043.2'W b. Position: 2215, 5.1 c. Range LOP: 2215, 302 d. Bearing LOP:

  26. Navigation Study Guide P6-12. While underway on C23l/Sl0.0 from Buoy "27" PI G 4 sec BELL, approximately three miles southwest of WOODS HOLE entrance in VINEYARD SOUND, you take a bearing on the light at the head of TARPAULIN COVE, NAUSHON ISLAND, PI 6 sec 78 ft 9 M, at bearing 090R at 5: 15 p.m. At 5:33 p.m. you take a bearing on the light at GAY HEAD, Nt Gp PI (3) W & (1) R 40 sec, bearing 341R while on course. C231 S10.0 a. Plot and label the course line: 1715 321 b. Plot and label the 5:15 p.m. LOP:

  27. Navigation Study Guide P6-12. (Continued) C231 S10.0 c. Plot and label the 5:33 p.m. LOP: 1715-1733 321 d. Advance the 5: 15 LOP to 5:33. Plot and label. e. Plot and label the RUNNING FIX: 1733 R FIX f. Position: L: 41° 24.7'N Lo: 70° 47.0'W

  28. Navigation Study Guide P6-13. Assume all the same facts as in problem 6-12 with the additional information that, over this time period, at 5:30 p.m. a 2.5 kn current is flowing in VINEYARD SOUND toward 231 true. C231 S10.0 a. Plot and label the course line: 1715 321 b. Plot and label the 5: 15 p.m. LOP:

  29. Navigation Study Guide P6-13. (Continued) 1733 212 c. Plot and label the 5:33 p.m. LOP: 1715-1733 321 d. Advance the 5: 15 LOP to 5:33. Plot and label. e. Plot and label the RUNNING FIX: 1733 R FIX L: 41° 24.0'N Lo: 70° 47.6'W f. Position:

  30. Navigation Study Guide P6-14. While underway on C251C/S 10.0 in VINEYARD SOUND, you observe the light on GAY HEAD (Alt Gp PI (3) W & (1) R 40 sec) bearing 3l5R at 10:30 a.m. Nine minutes later the light is abeam (270R). Plot and label the RUNNING FIX and determine its position. 1039 R FIX L: 41° 22.1'N Lo: 70° 51.4'W

  31. Navigation Study Guide P6-15. Continuing from the position determined in 6-14 above, establish a danger bearing using BUZ- ZARDS LIGHT (PI 2.5 sec 101 ft 22M HORN) to clear the Sow and Pigs Reef by .5 M. What are the true, magnetic, and compass (ship's head) danger bearings on the BUZZARDS LIGHT? NLT 282TNLT 297MNLT 299C

  32. Navigation Study Guide P6-16. Departing at 6:11 p.m. from L: 41° l8.8'N Lo: 70° 5l.7'W, you are underway on C136C/S12.0. At 6:40 p.m. the CHILMARK SPIRE on MARTHA'S VINEYARD is observed to bear 236R while your heading is l36C. C120 S12.0 a. Plot and label the course line: b. Plot and label the 6:40 p.m. DR: DOT WITHIN SEMICIRCLE and 1840 at angle

  33. Navigation Study Guide P6-16. (Continued) 1840 356 c. Plot and label the SPIRE LOP: d. Plot and label an Estimated Position (EP) for the 6:40 p.m. LOP observation and determine its position: DOT WITHIN SQUARE EP L: 41° 15.9'N Lo: 70° 44.2'W P6-17. Prove that an EP constructed from a DR position and a single LOP is generally closer to the true position than the DR position. See discussion in Study Guide End of Problems

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