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Not just for farmers: Six ways that agriculture programs affect food, nutrition, and the environment Virginia Tech – March, 2013 Parke Wilde. Outline. Inter-disciplinary and multi- sectoral Six categories of agriculture policies Demand expansion Nutrition assistance. Outline.

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  1. Not just for farmers: Six ways that agriculture programs affect food, nutrition, and the environmentVirginia Tech – March, 2013Parke Wilde

  2. Outline • Inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral • Six categories of agriculture policies • Demand expansion • Nutrition assistance

  3. Outline • Inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral • Six categories of agriculture policies • Demand expansion • Nutrition assistance

  4. A social ecological framework for nutrition and physical activity decisions Source: Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010.

  5. Source: USDA/ERS.

  6. The USDA Economic Research Service food marketing dollar - 2010 Source: USDA Economic Research Service

  7. Authorizing legislation: mandatory programs in a new Farm Bill for 10 fiscal years 2013-2022 Source: Adapted from Monke (2012a).

  8. Outline • Inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral • Six categories of agriculture policies • Demand expansion • Nutrition assistance

  9. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  10. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  11. Price supports

  12. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  13. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  14. Deficiency payments

  15. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  16. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  17. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  18. Six broad categories of farm policy interventions Source: Wilde, 2013.

  19. Government payments from U.S. farm programs 1996 - 2010 Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Producer Support Estimates (PSE), 2012. Note: Payments based on output are identified separately, because of their implications for overproduction and for trade policy (see Chapter 4).

  20. U.S. conservation programs 1996 - 2010 Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Producer Support Estimates (PSE), 2012. Note: Payments based on output are identified separately, because of their implications for overproduction and for trade policy (see Chapter 4).

  21. U.S. Producer Support Estimate1996 - 2010 Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Producer Support Estimates (PSE), 2012. Note: Payments based on output are identified separately, because of their implications for overproduction and for trade policy (see Chapter 4).

  22. Outline • Inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral • Six categories of agriculture policies • Demand expansion • Nutrition assistance

  23. MyPlate

  24. Checkoff program annual revenue, 2010

  25. Outline • Inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral • Six categories of agriculture policies • Demand expansion • Nutrition assistance

  26. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)a.k.a. Food Stamp Program

  27. SNAP benefits / food-at-home sales Source: Wilde, AJAE, 2012. Data source: USDA/FNS (SNAP) and USDA/ERS (food spending).

  28. SNAP benefits / food-at-home sales Source: Wilde, AJAE, 2012. Data source: USDA/FNS (SNAP) and USDA/ERS (food spending).

  29. Google Gadgets • http://usfoodpolicy.blogspot.com/search/label/Food%20Stamp%20Program • http://www.tinyurl.com/snap-vis/

  30. Why do reasonable people disagree about the cost of healthy food? Differences in: Definitions of “healthy” Time constraints and cooking abilities Reference populations and geographic locations Policy objectives Ways of learning about the world

  31. Choosing the cost of a healthy diet(in the spirit of the Thrifty Food Plan) Nutrition criteria and other constraints Cost required Tolerance for difference from current consumption

  32. It all depends on what constraints you impose ... Source: Wilde and Llobrera, Journal of Consumer Affairs, 2009.

  33. Food at home Source: Wilde, Troy, and Rogers, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2009.

  34. Food away from home Source: Wilde, Troy, and Rogers, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2009.

  35. Healthy Incentives Pilot

  36. Healthy Incentives Pilot

  37. For more information … Food Policy in the United States: An Introduction (Routledge/Earthscan, March 2013) www.usfoodpolicy.com

  38. Government role in checkoff programs • Increasing oversight from USDA/AMS • Absence of producer referenda • “Government Speech”

  39. Pork industry organizations • National Pork Board (NPB) • semi-governmental “checkoff” program • may not lobby the government • funded by $64 million in mandatory checkoff payments • National Pork Producers Council (NPPC) • private trade association • may lobby the government

  40. Sale of “Other White Meat” • In 2006, NPB (checkoff) agrees to pay NPPC(trade association) $60 million. • Appraised cost to rebuild a new slogan: $38 million over 7 years. • Terms: $3 million per year for 20 years, with interest.

  41. Questions about “Other White Meat” appraisal and terms • Was discounting handled correctly? • Were there any other buyers?

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