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The Roaring Life Of The 1920s Section 1: Changing Ways of life. PROHIBITION. ROOTS OF PROHIBITION 18 TH AMENDMENT VOLSTEAD ACT PROBLEMS OF ENFORCEMENT. Objective…. Explain how urbanization created a new way of life that often clashed with the values of traditional rural society.
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The Roaring Life Of The 1920sSection 1: Changing Ways of life
PROHIBITION • ROOTS OF PROHIBITION • 18TH AMENDMENT • VOLSTEAD ACT • PROBLEMS OF ENFORCEMENT
Objective…. Explain how urbanization created a new way of life that often clashed with the values of traditional rural society.
ANTI-ALCOHOL MOVEMENTS HAD BEEN GAINING STRENGTH THROUGHOUT THE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY “DRUNKARDS PROGRESS” POSTER THAT WAS ISSUED IN SEVERAL FORMATS THROUGHOUT THE 19TH CENTURY SHOWING THE PROGRESSION FROM “A GLASS OF WINE WITH A FRIEND” TO “DEATH BY SUICIDE”.
CARRY NATION, A LEADING ACTIVIST OF THE ANTI-TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT
BILLY SUNDAY WAS A BASEBALL PLAYER WHO BECAME AN EVANGELIST CRUSADING FOR THE PROHIBITION OF ALCOHOL IN AMERICA
The 1920 Census… • What did the 1920 census reveal about American society? 2) Describe how small town rural life style differed from the large city urban environment?
What is Prohibition? • The "Great Experiment” • The 18th Amendment… Passed by Congress in 1917, and ratified by 3/4 of states by 1919… prohibited the manufacture or sale of alcoholic beverages within the boundaries of the U.S. • When enacted President Hoover said, "Our country has deliberately undertaken a great social and economic experiment, noble in motive and far-reaching in purpose” ….It "was undertaken to reduce crime and corruption, solve social problems, reduce the tax burdened created by prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America."
THE 18TH AMENDMENT WAS ENFORCED BY THE VOLSTEAD ACT, WHICH PASSED DESPITE PRESIDENT WILSON’S VETO IN 1919 CONGRESSMAN ANDREW VOLSTEAD
THE 18TH AMENDMENT, 1919, MADE PROHIBITION THE LAW OF THE LAND AMENDMENT XVIII SECTION 1. AFTER ONE YEAR FROM THE RATIFICATION OF THIS ARTICLE THE MANUFACTURE, SALE, OR TRANSPORTATION OF INTOXICATING LIQUORS WITHIN, THE IMPORTATION THEREOF INTO, OR THE EXPORTATION THEREOF FROM THE UNITED STATES AND ALL TERRITORY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION THEREOF FOR BEVERAGE PURPOSES IS HEREBY PROHIBITED. SECTION 2. THE CONGRESS AND THE SEVERAL STATES SHALL HAVE CONCURRENT POWER TO ENFORCE THIS ARTICLE BY APPROPRIATE LEGISLATION. SECTION 3. THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE INOPERATIVE UNLESS IT SHALL HAVE BEEN RATIFIED AS AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION BY THE LEGISLATURES OF THE SEVERAL STATES, AS PROVIDED IN THE CONSTITUTION, WITHIN SEVEN YEARS FROM THE DATE OF THE SUBMISSION HEREOF TO THE STATES BY THE CONGRESS.
Tip-over Raids
DEATHS DUE TO ALCOHOL, COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS 1910-1926 SOURCE: US SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE HEARINGS ON NATIONAL PROHIBITION, 1926
Per Capita Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages 1910-1929 .
“I believe this diabolical thing- Prohibition was brought about by old maids, broken down preachers and politicians, rack-eteers, grafters and others looking for notoriety, and its administration is conducted by much the same class. Legislation by hypocrites- administration by grafters- is the politics of America. I believe that whiskey is the least harmful, and best all-round remedy we have in pharmacopeia.”-Dr. Harry L. Randal
11) Al Capone“Scarface”1899-1947 Chicago- Italian gang leader.. “The most notorious gangster in the history of the nation”
"I make my money by supplying a public demand. If I break the law, my customers who number hundreds of the best people in Chicago, are as guilty as I am. The only difference is that I sell and they buy. Everybody calls me a racketeer. I call myself a businessman.“ - Al Capone
Capone’s income by 1929… 100 million per year… • $60,000,000 - Speakeasies, night clubs, distilleries & breweries • $25,000,000 - Gambling • $10,000,000 - Brothels • $10,000,000 other rackets 600 gangster employees
The fall of Al Capone… • 1931 convicted of tax evasion • 11 years in prison… sent to Alcatraz • Released 1939.. No longer able to sell illegal alcohol • Weak health… the effects of VD • Died in 1947 (Age 49)
A MAJOR EFFECT OF PROHIBITION WAS THE RISE OF CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS FORMED TO SATISFY THE DEMANDS OF AMERICANS WHO DECIDED THEY WANTED LIQUOR IN SPITE OF THE 18TH AMENDMENT AND VOLSTEAD ACT.
“The reign of tears is over. The slums will soon be a memory. We will turn our prisons into factories and our jails into storehouses and corncribs. Men will walk upright now, women will smile and children will laugh. Hell will be forever for rent.”--Reverend Billy SundayBefore prohibition: 5.6 murders per 100,000 After prohibition: 10 murders per 100,000
Science and Religion ClashObjective… Describe the controversy over the role of science and religion in American education and society in the 1920s.
13) I & E: The Scopes Trial 14) Describe the difference between what a Creationist (fundamentalist) believed and what a Evolutionist (Darwinist or modernist) believed.
Guide questions…http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhE26ooD_Vo • The Scopes trail pitted ____________ against __________. • ________ is responsible for the theory evolution? • The prosecuting attorney… • The defense attorney… • The legal outcome of the Scopes Trial…
Explain how this picture illustrates the Scopes Trial controversy?
The Evolution of Man Charles Darwin
Fundamentalists… The Holy Bible State of TE Wm. J. Bryan… Modernists… Charles Darwin & Evolution… ACLU… John Scopes… Clarence Darrow… “The Monkey Trial” John Scopes Defendant
