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Electric Current

Explore the flow of electrons in electric circuits, from static electricity to batteries and resistance. Learn about Ohm's Law and George Simon Ohm's contributions.

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Electric Current

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  1. Electric Current www.assignmentpoint.com

  2. Electric Circuit • A closed path through which electrons can flow • Electrons flow because of a difference in potential • When a switch is turned on it causes electron to flow www.assignmentpoint.com

  3. Flowing Electrons • Remember that static electricity is the build up of electrons • When the static charge causes a spark the flow of electrons that is created is very short • Not long enough to run a light or a computer www.assignmentpoint.com

  4. The electrons always flow from where there are more electrons (higher potential) to fewer electrons (lower potential) • Static discharge quickly balances out the electrons and there is no more difference in potential www.assignmentpoint.com

  5. Current, I • The flow of electrons • The amount of current depends upon the number of electrons passing every second • Measured in Amperes, Amps, A • Measured with an ammeter www.assignmentpoint.com

  6. Ampere • One ampere is one coulomb of charge passing every second • One coulomb is 6.24 billion billion electrons www.assignmentpoint.com

  7. Potential Difference (Voltage) • The difference in potential (the energy of the electrons) between two different places • Measured in volts (V) • Sometimes called voltage • Measured with a voltmeter • Doesn’t depend upon the number of electrons only the energy the electrons carry www.assignmentpoint.com

  8. Batteries • Current must maintain a difference in potential or the current will stop • Batteries is a device that maintains that difference in potential www.assignmentpoint.com

  9. Batteries supply the energy to keep the electrons moving, they don’t supply the electrons www.assignmentpoint.com

  10. Dry cells-a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a moist paste to pass the electrons • Wet cells-a positive plate, a negative plate, and a liquid solution to pass the electrons www.assignmentpoint.com

  11. Resistance, R • The opposition to the flow of electrons • Measured in Ohms, W • Copper is an excellent conductor because it has low resistance www.assignmentpoint.com

  12. Good & Bad Resistance • Toasters, hair dryers, Christmas lights • Wiring www.assignmentpoint.com

  13. Ohm’s Law • Determines a relationship between voltage, current and resistance www.assignmentpoint.com

  14. If the resistance increases the current decreases • A greater voltage in a circuit causes the current to increase www.assignmentpoint.com

  15. George Simon Ohm • German physicist found experimentally www.assignmentpoint.com

  16. The current in a metal conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it and inversely proportional to the resistance, Ohm’s Law • V = IR www.assignmentpoint.com

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