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Learn about the different forms of energy and how they are transformed in an automobile engine. Explore potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, sound, light, and nuclear energy conversions.
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An automobile engine converts the chemical energy in gasoline mostly into heat and - A. nuclear energy. B. light energy. C. electromagnetic energy. D. mechanical energy. Thursday- ScienceQuestion of the Day 0607.10.3 Recognize that energy can be transformedfrom one type to another.
An automobile engine converts the chemical energy in gasoline mostly into heat and – A. nuclear energy B. light energy C. electromagnetic energy D. mechanical energy. • When thinking about energy transformations from our second unit, it is important to visualize the object and ask some important questions about it: • What is the source of energy of this object? The source of energy of an automobile is gasoline – which has chemical energy • What is the purpose of the object? The purpose of an automobile is to move! • Does any other form of energy get produced also? Remember, the most common form of energy that is produced is heat (thermal energy)! • Because the purpose of an automobile is to move, the following energy transformation takes place: • Chemical energy thermal energy • (heat) & mechanical energy Going Over the Question of the Day Testing Tips:
We learned about several forms of energy: • Potential Energy - Light Energy • Kinetic Energy - Sound Energy • Mechanical Energy - Electrical Energy • Thermal Energy - Nuclear Energy • There are three forms of potential energy: • Gravitational Potential Energy • Elastic Potential Energy • Chemical Potential Energy • The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be destroyed or created. • Remember: Energy just changes from one form to another! Key Concepts to remember about Energy Transformations
Taking Notes for Part I:Set up a table like the one below in your notebook and fill it in as we go along! Make sure you have at least 3 lines for each row in your table!
Bellringer • Give an example of an abiotic factor in a Tropical Rain Forest. • What does a anemometer measure? • What causes the tides to rise and fall on Earth? • What form of energy would a stretched rubber band have? • What measures humidity?
Mechanical Energy is the total energy of motion and position of an object Example of Mechanical Energy Mechanical Energy A spinning wheel.
Thermal energy is all of the kinetic energy due to random motion of the particles that make up an object. • The hotter something is, the more kinetic energy its particles have. • If something is cold, like ice, its particles are moving very slow, or have little kinetic energy. Example of Thermal Energy Thermal Energy Water has thermal energy.
Example of Electrical Energy • Electrical energy is the energy of moving electrons. • A.k.a. electricity! Electrical Energy • Anything that is powered by electricity requires electrical energy!
Sound energy is an object’s vibrations transmit sound energy through the air. Example of Sound Energy Sound Energy • Anything that produces sound is giving off sound energy!
Light (electromagnetic) Energy is produced by vibrations of electrically charged particles. Example of Light Energy Light Energy • Anything that produces a form of light!
Nuclear energy is Energy that comes from changes in the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear Energy The sun is a natural example of nuclear energy. Humans have also figured out a way to produce electricity using nuclear energy.
Energy Conversion • Energy can be changed from one form to another. Changes in the form of energy are called energy conversions.
States of Energy • The most common energy conversion is the conversion between potential and kinetic energy. • All forms of energy can be in either of two states: • Potential • Kinetic
Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversions • As a basketball player throws the ball into the air, various energy conversions take place.
Ball speeds up Ball slows down
Energy conversions • All forms of energy can be converted into other forms. • The sun’s energy through solar cells can be converted directly into electricity. • Green plants convert the sun’s energy (electromagnetic) into starches and sugars (chemical energy).
Other energy conversions • In an electric motor, electromagnetic energy is converted to mechanical energy. • In a battery, chemical energy is converted into electromagnetic energy. • The mechanical energy of a waterfall is converted to electrical energy in a generator.
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be destroyed or created. • When thinking about energy transformations, it is important to visualize the object and ask some important questions about it: • (1) What is the source of energy of this object? • (2) What is the purpose of the object? • (3) Does any other form of energy get produced also? Energy just CHANGES! Write this down Write this down
What is the source of energy of this object? • A blow dryer is powered by electrical energy. • What is the purpose of the object? • To dry your hair! * this is done through thermal energy (heat) • Does any other form of energy get produced also? • A blow dryer also produces sound energy and mechanical energy (the motor spins to blow air out of the blow dryer) • What energy conversions are taking place here? • _________ energy _________ energy • _________ energy _________ energy • _________ energy _________ energy Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions:BLOW DRYER Electrical Mechanical Mechanical Sound Electrical Thermal
What is the source of energy of this object? • Your mechanical energy (moving arm) strikes the match against the box. • Also, the chemical energy in the red tip of a match is what sparks the flame. • What is the purpose of the object? • To create fire, which gives off heat (thermal energy) and light! • Does any other form of energy get produced also? • When a match is struck, you can hear it (sound energy) • What energy conversions are taking place here? • _________ energy _________ energy • _________ energy _________ energy • _________ energy _________ energy Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions:MATCH BEING LIT Mechanical Thermal Chemical Light Mechanical Sound
What is the source of energy of this object? • The source of energy for a fan is electrical energy • What is the purpose of the object? • The purpose is to cool you off – the moving blades do this! • Does any other form of energy get produced also? • A fan produces sound energy (the “bzz” of the moving blades) and thermal energy (from the motor) • What energy conversions are taking place here? • _________ energy _________ energy • _________ energy _________ energy • _________ energy _________ energy Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions:FAN Electrical Mechanical Mechanical Sound Electrical Thermal
Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions:Create Your Own! • At the bottom of your notes today underneath your steps for identifying Energy Transformations, describe your own example of an energy conversion that we have not yet discussed. • Then, take a few minutes to share your energy conversion. • Fellow scholars: if you think that a scholar has missed or incorrectly identified an energy conversion, raise your hand to respectfully correct them and make you sure you explain!