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In these breakout sessions, participants will identify pressing questions, detector characteristics, promising technologies, hurdles, R&D roadmap, and funding opportunities for detectors in biomedical, astrophysics, earth system science, and defense/homeland security.
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Charge to Breakout Sessions Breakout groups will determine: the most pressing questions in their area that leverage QLIDs the most important detector characteristics for answering these questions the specific technologies that are most promising for achieving these characteristics the hurdles for implementing these technologies the R&D roadmap for overcoming these hurdles the funding opportunities for executing the R&D roadmap The four areas are: biomedical astrophysics Earth system science defense/homeland security Group leads will present findings in the final session of the workshop. 3
Breakout Session Leads BiomedicalTim Tredwell AstrophysicsDon Figer Earth Systems ScienceJeff Puschell Defensee/Homeland SecurityMark Bocko 4
The Top Five Problems for Detectors: Defense Tactical Battlefield Sensing (provide useable info in multiple environments, urban, etc. Persistent Surveillance (local, point) Strategic surveillance (global, broad area) IED detection (threat detection in general) Identification (physical, chemical, biometric) “x-ray” vision through structures, walls, clothing, etc.. 5
The Top Detector Characteristics for: Defense Size, weight and power (cost) Dynamic range (recovery from overload, jamming) Low light response Resolution (spatial) Robustness (environmental, radiation, temp) Merged multimodal – fusion Usability (ergonomics, interoperability, open info models) Push basic signal processing to focal plane Spectral resolution (varies with wavelength range and app) 6
The Most Promising Detector Technologies for: Defense & HS GM-APD: zero read noise, single photon sens Linear-mode APD’s (will they reach QL) CMOS – Digital Focal Plane Array readout Micro-bolometers Nano-structured devices: porous Si, QDIPs, QWIPs etc. MCP 7
Hurdles for the Most Promising Detector Technologies for: Defense & HS Process compatibility between detector materials and readout materials (hybrid vs. monolithic) Cost effectiveness of “exotic” detector materials Noise: Electronic readout, intrinsic detector noise (dark current) Optimal electronic designs to leverage CMOS scaling Compatibility of optics for multi-mode sensors Speed of operation (depends on application) 8
Detector R&D Roadmap for: Defense & HS No one roadmap but several destinations of interest (enablers) Advanced hybridization (1,2) Chip to chip Chip to wafer Wafer to wafer Monolithic fabrication Advanced Readouts (3,4,6) Scaled CMOS Digital readouts Readout specific process implications Augmented CMOS (SOI) Lower voltages, heterogeneous voltage req’ts High performance detector materials and designs 9
Funding Possibilities: Defense & HS NASA ROSES APRA PIDDP DARPA MTO MDA NRO AFOSR, ARO NSF Google (real-time street-view) 10
Reference Chart: Key Detector Characteristics Homeland Safety Biomedical Imaging Earth System Science Defense Quantum-Limited Imaging Detector Read Noise Dark Current QE λ λ/Δλ Δt P