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PERSONAL CARE

PERSONAL CARE. The ear The eye Teeth and Gums Hair Skin. THE EYE!!!. FUNCTIONS OF THE EYE. 1. SIGHT. 2. BALANCE. Structures of the Eye. Functions/Descriptions of the structures. 1. Sclera – the white of the eye; where muscles attach to the eye.

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PERSONAL CARE

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  1. PERSONAL CARE The ear The eye Teeth and Gums Hair Skin

  2. THE EYE!!!

  3. FUNCTIONS OF THE EYE 1. SIGHT 2. BALANCE

  4. Structures of the Eye

  5. Functions/Descriptions of the structures 1. Sclera – the white of the eye; where muscles attach to the eye 2. Iris – the colored disc of the eye; regulates the size of the pupil 3. Pupil – black opening of the iris; controls the amount of light 4. Cornea – clear protective covering of eye

  6. Functions (cont.) • 5. Lens - focuses light onto the retina • Retina • - light sensing part of the eye • Macula • - center of the retina responsible for detailed central vision such as reading • 8. Optic nerve • Visual information is transmitted to the brain through this

  7. Functions (cont.) 9. Aqueous humor/Ciliary body – watery fluid fills front chamber between cornea & lens and provides nutrients to the structures of the eye 10. Vitreous humor – jelly substance giving eye its shape

  8. RODS AND CONES????

  9. 5 NATURAL PROTECTORS OF THE EYE • 1. Eyebrow • 2. Eyelid • 3. Eyelash • 4. Tears • 5. Bone Structure - Keeps dust, dirt and sweat out of the eye - Prevents direct contact with the eyeball - Keeps dust particles out of the eye - Moisten eye and helps rid the eye of dust and dirt that entered the eye - Prevents object from crushing the eyeball

  10. VISION • 1. Stereoscopic vision • - ability to see in 3 dimension

  11. VISION (cont.) • 2. Peripheral vision: • - part of vision that occurs outside the very center of gaze • - the ability to see to the side without looking in that direction

  12. HOW VISION OCCURS Light strikes cornea, passes through fluid that helps nourish the eye and reaches the pupil. The pupils adjust according to how much light is entering the eye. The light then passes through the lens, which focuses the light on the retina, upside down and backwards. The information is then sent to the brain, specifically the cerebrum, which flips the image to the correct position.

  13. PROBLEMS WITH VISION • Nearsightedness • - can see objects that are near clearly • Farsightedness • - can see objects that are far clearly • Astigmatism • - distorted vision due to curvature of the cornea or lens • Conjunctivitis – pinkeye, inflamed covering of sclera • Color blind – hereditary from improper cone formations in the • retina

  14. PROBLEMS WITH VISION Night Blindness – limited ability to see at night Glaucoma – buildup of pressure inside eye causing sight loss (irreversible damage) Cataract – lens becomes cloudy, inability to focus light and blurs vision

  15. EYE CARE • Proper / well-balanced diet • Protect from foreign objects • Adequate light source and rest • Regular eye examinations once a year

  16. THE EAR

  17. FUNCTIONS OF THE EAR • 1. HEARING • 2. BALANCE

  18. YOUR EAR

  19. 3 SECTIONS OF THE EAR

  20. FUNCTIONS OF THE STRUCTURES OUTER EAR

  21. FUNCTIONS OF THE STRUCTURES MIDDLE EAR

  22. FUNCTIONS OF THE STRUCTURES INNER EAR

  23. INNER EAR STRUCTURES

  24. AUDITORY TUBE * Connects the middle ear to the throat; responsible for equalizing air pressure within the tympanic cavity

  25. EAR PROBLEMS Ear Infections

  26. EAR PROBLEMS (continued)

  27. EAR PROBLEMS • 2. Hearing Loss • a. Age • b. Subjecting ear to sustained loud noise 3. Ruptured Ear Drum

  28. EAR CARE

  29. EAR CARE CONTINUED • See an Audiologist

  30. EAR CARE AGAIN… • Monitor Noise Levels

  31. TEETH AND GUMS

  32. FUNCTIONS

  33. SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS OF EACH TOOTH

  34. ANATOMY OF THE TOOTH

  35. 4 MAJOR TISSUES THAT MAKE UP THE TOOTH

  36. HOW MANY TEETH DO HUMANS HAVE????

  37. WHAT ARE WISDOM TEETH? ** 3rd set of molars which usually come in around ages 17 - 21

  38. STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS 1. Malocclusion : upper and lower teeth do not meet properly

  39. STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS 2. Impacted wisdom tooth: either do not have enough room to emerge through the gum line or are positioned at an awkward angle

  40. What is a root canal?? • A root canal is a procedure during which your dentist or an endodontist (a dentist who specializes in root canals) cleans out all of the decay in a tooth including the roots of the tooth which have been infected by bacteria that are not supposed to be inside of your tooth. 

  41. OTHER PROBLEMS • 1. Gingivitis – swelling of gingiva(gums) • 2. Periodontal disease – affects gums, bones and other supporting tissues of the teeth • 3. Halitosis – bad breath; many times it is a result of dryness in the mouth

  42. TOOTH AND GUM CARE Brush teeth: How? How often? How long? 2. Floss: How? How often?

  43. TOOTH AND GUM CARE 3. Mouthwash: How long? 4. Healthy Diet: a. Limit sugar intake. Bacteria in your mouth feed on sugar and produce acids that can damage your teeth. b. Limit intake of sport drinks which contain acids that destroy enamel 5. Dental Checkups: How often?

  44. THE SKIN Sebacous Gland Pore Pain Receptor Hair Follicle Epidermis Dermis Muscle Fiber Sweat Gland Fatty Layer Blood Vessels Nerve

  45. The Skin Functions: • Protection • Shields and protects organs • Keeps harmful substances out of body • Regulate body temperature • Sweating when your hot • Blood vessels contract when cold • Information gathering • a. Nerves sense pressure, pain and temperature

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