Science of Narrators (ELMUR REJAAL) LESSON 8

1. Science of Narrators (ELMUR REJAAL)LESSON 8 FAWAAAED or Beneficial facts Problems with the names The SANAD of the four early compiled books of HADEETH The EDDA of TOOSI and NAJASHI

2. FAWAAAED or Beneficial facts: • Since this science deals with the identity of the narrators, there is a big issue in identifying few names, some are technical issues, and some are intellectual. • And the other point we will study is the SANAD or the four early compiled books of HADEETH.

3. Problems with the names: • This issue creates confusion between two narrators one is trusted and other is defamed, because of the difficulty in defining which one is who. This kind of problem if exists, the REJAALI looks into several things which helps him solve this type of problems, such as the context of the narration, from who he narrates, and to whom he narrates, and his historical context. • ETILAAF and EKHTILAAF: They are written in one way and pronounced in two different ways, such READ (past) and READ (imperative). There are so many errors in the books of non Shia Muslims, but in the books of Shia there are only 13 cases noted, Such as BAYAAN and BANAAN, RASHEED and ROSHAYD, MAYSUM and MAYTUM.

4. ITTIFAAQ and IFTIRAAQ: similarity in his name, his father’s, and grandfather’s name, the names are completely similar, but they are different, such as ABBAN son of URQUM, there are three with such name, but the three have different family names, and when the family name does not exist with the name, the confusion happens, especially, if one of them was not trusted. • ALESHTIBAAH: because of the confusion of the scholar, the name gets mixed up, the fathers name becomes the sons and vise a versa, such as WALEED SON OF MUSLIM, MUSLIM SON OF WALEED. • ALISHTIRAAK: A common name shared between two or more one is trusted and other is not trusted, such as IBN SENAAN and MOHAMMAD IBN QAIS.

5. ALESTIHAAR: A narrator becomes famous by a title such as ABO ZUR the companion of the Prophet (S), or ABO BASEER the companion of Imam BAQIR (AS) and Imam AS-SADIQ (AS), these used to be very famous by their title, so when they narrate, the listener narrates their narrations mentioning their titles without their names. So when they are mentioned they get mixed up with others who have the same title, therefore it creates confusion in the work of the REJAALI, and it requires great effort and time from the REJAALI to identify such narrators name who has been mentioned by his title only, and is confused by others who have the same title. Some of the scholars like the ALLAAMA AL HILLI in his KHOLASA defined many of those confused titles, and identified them.

6. The SANAD of the four early compiled books of HADEETH: • In these books when the HADEETH is mentioned, it is mentioned with the link of the narrators to the Infallible (AS), , but in many HADEETH when the narrators are same and trusted in the opinion of the authors of the four books or in the opinion of the narrator from whom the author took his narration, they say EDDA (means couple of known narrators) instead of mentioning all the narrators, for the sake of brevity, so there are EDDA of KOLAYNI, EDDA of TOOSI, and EDDA of SADOOQ.

7. Some times they mention the word JAMA’A (group of known narrators) instead of EDDA that means the narrators in the link are known. So the question rises that are all in these narrators of EDDA trusted, i.e. is being in one of this EDDA a kind of indication of being trusted? • These narrators who are in the EDDA require the same investigation in their evaluation like any other narrator of HADEETH.

8. The EDDA in the two FAHRIS of NAJASHI and TOOSI: • As far as NAJASHI we have mentioned before that NAJASHI only narrated from the trusted ones, so his EDDA has trusted narrators in it. • As far as the SHIEKH (TOOSI)’s EDDA in his book FAHRAST, it has been considered by the REJAALIS that it contains the trusted narrators.

9. Finally the book of Dr. Abdulhadi Fadhli mentions the titles of the: • Imams (AS) • The companions of the Infallibles (AS) • The abbreviation of the eight compiled books of hadeeth,(four early and four later ones). • The abbreviations of all the books of REJAAL 31 books) • The names of 61 references , he relied in writing his book.