Updates & News Reflections on Assignment #4 Looking ahead to Final Papers

1. Updates & News • Reflections on Assignment #4 • Looking ahead to Final Papers • Separating observation from analysis • Assign #5 (due Nov 16) • Final class: Paper workshop (Nov 19)

2. Some midterm examples to read . . . • Critical Observations • Rosario (Prayer/medicine circles; Dufour, Argyris & Schon) • Charisse(Science team teaching; Smith & Berg, Sandoval & Lee) • Winston (Teacher study groups; Dufour) • Nneamaka(Elementary students helping; Webb et al, Kruglanski et al) • Reuben (Religious leader team; Donnellon) • Designing an Experience • Taylor (Outdoor education; Smith & Berg, Achinstein) • Ben (8th grade Math project; Lotan, Gersick) • Jenny J. (Teacher professional development; Cranton, Marsick, Horn) • Zach (School-wide professional development; Cohen, Achinstein) • Betsy (student engagement in English classrooms; Cranton, Cohen, Lotan)

3. Fundamental Tensions Knowing Trusting Belonging Leading create shared certainty and maintain doubt. demonstrate competencies anddisclose vulnerabilities. create a collective identity and maintain individuality. influence through vertical and horizontal power.

4. Readings: Perkins, Murnighan & Conlon, Schmuck & Schmuck Discussion of Readings All articles address aspects of our big questions: What does it mean for a group to learn? What are some key dynamics that support/thwart it? What can leaders to do support it? You decide the most meaningful goal & process of your group over the next 45min. You just need to distill out something that can serve toward a useful summary for the class. . . . Think about all the strategies we’ve done and Perkins’ strategies. Pay attention to leadership!

5. 7 Bases of Interpersonal Influence(based on French & Raven, 1959) • Expert:power through knowledge & skill • Referent : power through personalcloseness; identification • Legitimate: power through right of position, role • Reward: power through positive reinforcement • Coercive: power through punishment • Informational: power through insider knowledge, culture • Connection: power through social networks, relationships

6. Where do we see leadership?

7. Fundamental Tensions Knowing Trusting Belonging Leading create shared certainty and maintain doubt. demonstrate competencies anddisclose vulnerabilities. create a collective identity and maintain individuality. influence through vertical and horizontal power.

8. Tension of leading Leadership is a social interaction of influence, not a characteristic of an individual Social influence has multiple bases Positional: a legitimate right? Evaluative: ability to punish/reward? Expertise: special knowledge/skill? Kinship: closeness between individuals? Connectivity: ties in social network?

9. Tension of leading • What can we do? • Distribute positional • & evaluative power • Harness power of • kinship & connectivity • Enable the power of expertise

11. For next week. . . • Article summaries up by Tues • Upcoming: The Tension of Belonging • Readings for next time (Grossman et al, London, Polzer et al, Brown) • Looking ahead: • Assignment #5: posting draft of paper by Tues 11/16 • Peers read it, offer feedback during last class 11/19

12. Conversations . . . • . . . . • . . . .