40 likes | 204 Views
第十三章 風險管理. Risk Management Strategies. Types of Risk and Uncertainty in Agriculture 1. Production Uncertainty 2. Price Uncertainty 3. Casualty Risk 4. Technological Uncertainty 5. Uncertainty Caused by Actions of others
E N D
第十三章 風險管理 Risk Management Strategies
Types of Risk and Uncertainty in Agriculture 1. Production Uncertainty 2. Price Uncertainty 3. Casualty Risk 4. Technological Uncertainty 5. Uncertainty Caused by Actions of others 6. Personal Uncertainty -- Sickness, Injury, death
Reducing Risk & Uncertainty Ⅰ. Financial Strategies - "Reserves", realistic cash flow projections, good short-term, intermediate and long-term debt balance Ⅱ. Marketing Strategies Hedging Commodity options Forward contracting Spreading Sales (sequential marketing)
短期 ↓fixed cost general purpose building, storable products price forecasts sound management Ⅲ. Production Strategies Diversification Flexibility -- Time, Cost, product Stable & dependable income