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URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND RESTRAINT

URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND RESTRAINT. TRANSPORT TEACHING MATERIAL. Transparencies 2003. EU-funded Urban Transport Research Project Results. www.eu-portal.net. DEFINITION OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT.

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URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND RESTRAINT

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  1. URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENTAND RESTRAINT TRANSPORT TEACHING MATERIAL Transparencies 2003 EU-funded Urban Transport Research Project Results www.eu-portal.net

  2. DEFINITION OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT • The term ‘Traffic Management’ represents the process of adjusting or adapting the use of an existing road system to meet specified objectives without resorting to substantial new road construction. • Thus the current materials cover a large field involving both traffic systems and urban development issues. It is also a working area with strong links with both Civil Engineering and Urban Planning.

  3. TRANSPORT POLICY OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES • This concept generally integrates the notion of the need for: • An efficient transport system (serving all mobility/accessibility needs); • A safer transport environment; • Protection of the environment; • Reduction of energy consumption; • Improvement of quality of life/economy • These general objectives can be translated into more specific and quantifiable goals

  4. Strategic requirement A Guaranteeing the accessibility of the city 6.00 Acceleration of public transport 6.00 Improving the mobility of pedestrians and cyclists 5.00 Concentration of suitable main roads 4.88 Reduction of emissions 4.88 Protection of sensitive areas 4.88 Improving public transport 4.50 General reduction of car traffic 3.50 Improving the flow of business transport 3.38 Reduction of temporary overcrowding 3.13 Improving chains of transport 3.00 Reducing the number of cars 1.50 Reduction of transport costs 1.50 Source: Taken from the Privilege Project Final Report - Rating of Importance of Requirements

  5. General Transport Systems’ Optimisation • Introduce/promote travel needs’ avoidance measures • Optimise infrastructure performance • Optimise infrastructure utilisation • Create/promote multi-modal solutions • Public Transport (PT) Oriented Strategies • Create complete and fully integrated systems • Introduce new TP links/services/modes • Improve PT infrastructure and information systems • Introduce new priority vehicles’ systems • Design and control of road networks in favour of PT and other priority vehicles • Increase public awareness / acceptance of Public Transport • Priority Vehicles’ (taxis, delivery/…) • Oriented Strategies • Pedestrians’ (Ped) Oriented strategies • Create comprehensive / usable ped. / cyc infrastructures • Shift accessibility priorities towards pedestrians and cyclists • Reduce severity of ped-cyc/vehicles conflicts • Change ped/cyc/vehicles’ ”on- route” dangerous behaviour • Change the ped/cyc modes’ ”status”/”awareness” • Cyclists’ (Cyc) Oriented Strategies Basic Strategies Promote overall travel demand /rate of growth reduction Improve systems’ performance • Sustainable Transport Policies • Objectives: • Efficiency • Reduction of energy consumption • Protection of the environment Promote sustainable modes Increase intermodality Positively discriminate sustainable modes • Private motorised vehicles’ oriented strategies • Increase journeys’ costs/duration/distances • Limit access to ”sensitive” areas Figure: Transport Policy Objectives and Strategies

  6. ROAD USER GROUPS’ CHARACTERISTICS AND NEEDS(see PRIVILEGE, FR) • Emergency vehicles (ambulances, police cars and fire engines) • Public transport (trams, light rail and buses) • Coaches • Taxis • High occupancy vehicles • Commercial and domestic services • Trucks (other than commercial and domestic services) • Bicycles • Pedestrians • Privately used cars • Privately used motorcycles

  7. CLASSIFIED LIST OF MEASURES • General Transport Systems directed Strategies and Measures • Demand Oriented Measures • Road networks’ performance optimisation • Road networks’ utilization optimisation • PT and Other Priority Motorised Users’ oriented Strategies and Measures • Introduce new public transport links/services/modes • Introduce new priority vehicles’ systems • Improve public transport infrastructures • Improve public transport information systems • Change the design of a road network in favour of PT and other Priority Vehicles • Change the control of a road network in favour of PT and other Priority Users

  8. CLASSIFIED LIST OF MEASURES • Strategies and Measures for general private motorised vehicles • Limit private vehicles’ access to “sensitive” areas • Increase generalized costs for private vehicles • Create a “comprehensive/better” pedestrian infrastructure • Shift accessibility priorities towards pedestrians • Reduce severity of Ped/Veh conflicts by reducing vehicles’ speeds • Pedestrian Oriented Strategies and Measures • Create a “comprehensive/better” pedestrian infrastructure • Shift accessibility priorities towards pedestrians • Reduce severity of Ped/Veh conflicts by reducing vehicles’ speeds • Reduce Ped/Veh number and severity of conflicts with “improved” crossings • Reduce Pedestrian delays at crossings by shifting priorities between modes • Create better/more comfortable interfacing/resting/waiting facilities • Change the “Status”/”awareness” of the pedestrian mode • Change pedestrians/drivers “on-route” dangerous behaviour

  9. CLASSIFIED LIST OF MEASURES • Cyclists Oriented Strategies and Measures • Create a “comprehensive/usable” cyclist infrastructure • General improvement of cyclists’ system • Shift accessibility priorities towards bicycles • Reduce severity of Cyclist/Vehicle conflicts • Reduce cyclists delays at crossings • Change the “status”/”awareness” of the cyclist mode • Change cyclist/drivers “on-route” dangerous behaviour

  10. Basic optimisation principles for transport systems Accessibility and mobility conditions, providing better quality of life, environmental conditions and energy consumption efficiency. Emphasis on Multimode systems such as Park&Ride, Kiss&Ride, Bike&Ride or Car Pooling. Integrated implementation of solutions Optimisation of “private” vehicles, Public transport and other priority vehicles’ transport infrastructure performance; Pedestrian and bicycle support systems; Restriction measures directed to the “private car” mode; Positive discrimination measures towards the more “sustainable” modes. “Geographical” dimension INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS – BASIC DESIGN AND APPLICABILITY PRINCIPLES

  11. INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS – BASIC DESIGN AND APPLICABILITY PRINCIPLES • General principles for the design of packages of measures • City type • Packages of measures linked together • Highly visible measures • Enforcement • System based integration principles • Optimisation of the performance of the road system • Positive measures applied to the “sustainable” modes • Measures directed at restricting the usage of the “private” car • Integrating different modes in a coherent transport policy

  12. EXAMPLES ICARO Project (4th Framework) - LEEDS HOV lane ‘ICARO – National Evaluation Report’ – Leeds real life demonstration. Leeds City Council, Jan. 1999. David Gilson and Tim Dixon. Page 10

  13. EXAMPLESICARO Project (4th Framework) - LEEDS HOV lane ‘ICARO – National Evaluation Report’ – Leeds real life demonstration. Leeds City Council, Jan. 1999. David Gilson and Tim Dixon. Page 21

  14. EXAMPLES: ICARO Project (4th Framework) - Madrid Modelling Demonstration HOV Lane + Bus Lane ‘ICARO – National Evaluation Report’ – Madrid modelling demonstration. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Transport Department, Jan. 1999. Andres Monzon. Page 5

  15. T. time difference (min) 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 2+ cut-off limit 0.18 8.78 20.28 10.06 1.7 0.85 0.64 3+ cut-off limit 1.33 21.66 40.28 20.62 13.23 7.07 4.48 Travel time difference. 45 40 35 3+ cut-off limit 30 25 minutes 2+ cut-off limit 20 15 10 5 0 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 Time slice EXAMPLES: ICARO Project (4th Framework) - Madrid Modelling Demonstration HOV Lane + Bus Lane ‘ICARO – National Evaluation Report’ – Madrid modelling demonstration. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Transport Department, Jan. 1999. Andres Monzon. Page 35

  16. EXAMPLES: CAPTURE Project (4th Framework) – Bucharest Physical Measures Implementing a public transport lane on one side of a 600 metres corridor together with stop platform facilities ‘’CAPTURE’ – Deliverable 8 – Page 1.159

  17. X - major part of scheme implemented x - secondary or minor part of scheme implemented P - major proposed element but not implemented p - secondary or minor element not implemented EXAMPLESCAPTURE Project(4th Framework) - Bucharest Physical Measures ‘’CAPTURE’ – Deliverable 8 – Page 1.159

  18. EXAMPLESINCOME Project(4th Framework) Public Transport Priority UTC London INCOME - Annex A to Final Report – Technical Description, Results and Recommendations, Page A7

  19. EXAMPLESINCOME Project(4th Framework) - Public Transport Priority UTC Gothenburg Emergency Vehicle Priority - The escape route along Engelbrektsgatan and the effects on cycle time and green splits from the ACL impact Main vehicle flow Bus/Tram route Bus route Emergency corridors INCOME - Annex A to Final Report – Technical Description, Results and Recommendations, Page A35

  20. 120 100 Combined Priority algorithm AVL 80 Total bus saving (Euro/hr) Travel time Radio poll and priority request Location/time Signal timings, central priority, etc Signal status, priority request (optional), etc. 60 40 Radio or cable link Waiting time 20 Signal controller Roadside beacon 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percentage of buses receiving priority (Simulation Results) EXAMPLESINCOME Project (4th Framework) - London – Integration of Public Transport Priority and AVL INCOME - Final Report –Pages 13,14

  21. EXAMPLES: COSMOS/QUARTETPLUS/ INCOME Projects (4th Framework) – Turin,Bologna 5T Open architecture schema 5T DATA NETWORK Bologna IMC PT RM VMS SUP UTC RG EM IMC PT RM VMS SUP UTC RG EM 10 Info Terminal Videotel Televideo 12 detection stations UTC NETWORK 140 mutlifunctional outstation 5 infra-red beacons for route guidance 12 Ambulances 140 intersection UTOPIA traffic control strategies INCOME - Final Report –Page 26 1500 buses/trams 45 VMS route & parking guidance 50 equipped cars for pilot tests

  22. EXAMPLESADONIS Project (4th Framework) – Local street improvements Elimination of pavements in streets with limited car traffic - Mechelen Signalisation – Signal at the entrance of la Ribera, Barcelona ADONIS – Final Report –Pages 22 and 40

  23. EXAMPLESADONIS Project(4th Framework) – Local street improvements Pedestrianised area with access for residents, Namur Access Control system ADONIS – Final Report –Pages 40 and 41

  24. EXAMPLESADONIS Project (4th Framework) – Bicycle route and signposting - Nakskov Denmark Signs for cyclists The bicycle route

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