Programming of Handheld and Mobile Devices

1. Programming of Handheld and Mobile Devices Lecture 21 Brave New World Rob Pooley rjp@macs.hw.ac.uk Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

2. Are we easily fooled? O wonder!How many goodly creatures are there here!How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world,That has such people in't! Miranda The Tempest Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

3. An ad hoc network is created “on the fly” as devices connect and disconnect from it without central control Bluetooth is often seen as a model for ad hoc networks Pico nets allow up to 8 devices to connect Scatternets allow any number to do so Maybe WiFi or some other approach? Ad hoc networks S M S S SS M S S Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

4. Desirable properties • Seamless connection • Stable behaviour • Secure • Transparent connection • Easy to use • Not there yet! Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

5. u·biq·ui·tous (y -b k w -t s) adj.Being or seeming to be everywhere at the same time; omnipresent: "plodded through the shadows fruitlessly like an ubiquitous spook" Joseph Heller. • Claims for ubiquitous computing have been made for many years • Typical applications include • Intelligent washing machines • Intelligent shoes • Smart dust • Low cost, connected, unobtrusive • Personal area networks • Home area networks Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

6. Claims for ubiquity • Diagnostic • Health monitoring of people • Servicing requirements for machines • Supportive • Reporting of status of house/car/fridge • Ubiquitous • Linked by wireless comms • Linked by Web Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

7. Pervasive • Pervasive computing relates to services • It is built on top of ubiquity • It depends on seamless handove • It uses agent technology • It uses redirection of services • It supports virtual devices • It supports virtual users Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

8. Scenario • You are at home when your boss phones you to collect a parcel on your way to work • Your TV becomes a video terminal • Your PDA downloads the details • You go to your car, with your PDA linked by Bluetooth to your home phone for low cost calls • Your PDA uploads the details into your car’s SatNav system • You drive as directed to the Post Office • You get near the Post Office and your car computer downloads details of parcels waiting to be collected Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

9. Scenario continued • You spot a second parcel which looks like it belongs to your company • You contact your boss requesting authorisation to collect both parcels • Electronic authorisation is sent to the Post Office and to your PDA (now Bluetoothed to your car phone) • Your car phone signals to the Post Office to have the parcels waiting for you • You collect the parcels and al parties (including the sender) are informed Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

10. Utopia? • Much of this already happens in a restricted way • The GPO and major couriers have Web-based reporting on parcels • Postal workers, meter readers etc have PDAs and some have wireless links to their bases • Phones, sat nav systems and PDAs are becoming more integrated • Sat nav maps etc can be replenished dynamically Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

11. O wonder!How many goodly creatures are there here!How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world,That has such people in't! So where are the people in our brave new world? Was Miranda right? Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

12. This short note is an agenda for you to think about the world of handheld devices and portable, user friendly computing. As we move to wards more power and more memory, the limits on devices are retreating. What does this mean? Would people rather have a portable computer or a PDA or an intelligent mobile phone? What will the differences be in the future? What applications will people want? E-books, e-newspapers, online diaries, wireless conferencing? Will we want point to point, peer to peer models of connection? Will we want to be part of some super-internet? Is local power preferable to a simple device connecting to various pervasive services on networked servers? Do we really trust these devices and their networks? Can we relax in the bath reading our PDA? Who is excluded by the rise of PDAs etc. The disabled? The poor? The old? Who stands to benefit? Microsoft? Big business (smartcards etc?) or the individual? We have been moving from the specific (games consoles, personal diaries etc.) to the general. Is that the future or will we find a world of sensors and dumb networked devices? (Phone your fridge and ask it to speak to the oven?) Intelligent shoes, intelligent car seats? Where do we interface when systems learn our preferences from our behaviour? (Personalisation versus learned responses?) Some issues in the world of handheld devices Programming Handheld and Mobile devices

13. Final thought – prove me wrong I pitied thee,Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee each hourOne thing or other: when thou didst not, savage,Know thine own meaning, but wouldst gabble likeA thing most brutish, I endow'd thy purposesWith words that made them known. But thy vile race,Though thou didst learn, had that in't which good naturesCould not abide to be with; therefore was thouDeserv'dly confined into this rock, who hadstDeserv'd more than a prison. Prospero to Caliban The Tempest Programming Handheld and Mobile devices