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Introduction to Computing CS 101 Autumn 2004

Introduction to Computing CS 101 Autumn 2004. Chapter 1 Introduction to Computing. Charles Babbage. Life : 1791 – 1871 UK Known as " Father of Computing " for his contributions to the basic design of the computer through his Analytical Machine. http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Babbage.html.

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Introduction to Computing CS 101 Autumn 2004

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  1. Introduction to ComputingCS 101Autumn 2004

  2. Chapter 1Introduction to Computing

  3. Charles Babbage • Life : 1791 – 1871 UK • Known as "Father of Computing" • for his contributions to the basic design of the computer through his Analytical Machine http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Babbage.html

  4. The First Programmer Ada Augusta King Countess of Lovelace http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Ada.GIF

  5. The Mill The Analytical Engine of Charles Babbage was never completed in his lifetime, but his son Henry Provost Babbage built the "mill" portion of the machine from his father's drawings On January 21, 1888 the Mill computed multiples of pi to prove the adequacy of the design.

  6. First Electronic Computer Date: February 14, 1946 Place: University of Pennsylvania Name: ENIAC Designed by: J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly Purpose: Computing firing tables for the Aberdeen Proving Ground. Programming: Rewiring Memory: Nil Comment: ENIAC was a parallel processor well ahead of its time. Working with ENIAC

  7. ENIAC http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~museum/ This is only 1/10th of the original. It was announced on February 14th, 1946.

  8. How many Computers? The world only needs maybe three computers. Thomas J. Watson, Sr. (CEO IBM)

  9. IBM System 360

  10. Automatic loom Patterns controlled by a linked sequence of punched cards Punched cards

  11. First Transistor Year : 1947 Inventors John Bardeen Walter Brattain William Shockley Nobel prize in 1956

  12. http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/

  13. John Louis von Neumann Born: 1903, Hungary Died: 1957, USA Brilliant mathematician, synthesizer, and promoter of the stored program concept,… The von Neumann Architecture

  14. Alan Turing Life: 1912 – 1954 UK Pioneer in developing modern computer logic One of the first to approach the topic of artificial intelligence. http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Turing.html

  15. Number Systems • Decimal System • Base 10 • Binary System • Base 2 • Octal System • Base 8 • Hexadecimal System • Base 16

  16. Decimal Number System • Base 10 system (Ten digits: 0, 1, 2, …, 9) • Counting process • Every digit goes through a cycle 0  9 • Higher significant digit incremented by 1 for every cycle of the immediately lower significant digit • Example 000102…091011…192021…

  17. Decimal Number System • Expanded form • 5429 = 5,000 + 400 + 20 + 9 OR 5,429 = 5x103 + 4x102 + 2x101 + 9x100 • Addition • Carry • Subtraction • Borrow • Negative number

  18. 1 1 4 3 7 8 + 7 8 1 9 1 2 1 9 7 3 13 6 18 4 3 7 8 - 3 8 1 9 5 5 9 Decimal Number System • Addition • Subtraction

  19. Decimal Number System • 10’s compliment • Let N be an n digit number • P = 10n – N is 10’s compliment of N • Example 1 • N = 5802 • P = 104 – 5802 = 4198 • Example 2 • N = 4198 • P = 104 – 4198 = 5802

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