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Holistic Approach to Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms: Addressing the Three Legs of the Stool

This conceptual model explores the key factors (watershed loading, ecosystem structure, in-basin cycling) and approaches (algae control, nutrient denial) for effectively controlling harmful algal blooms. Practical recommendations for stakeholders are provided to achieve the desired water quality outcomes.

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Holistic Approach to Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms: Addressing the Three Legs of the Stool

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  1. Conceptual model for HAB controlAre we addressing all three legs of the stool? • WATERSHED LOADING • What are the sources? • How can we best control loads? TMDL? • ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE • What is the system structure? • Hydrology/Ecology • Fishery structure • Invasive species? Carp control? • IN-BASIN CYCLING • In-lake sources • Nutrient cycling within the lake • Is “nutrient denial” an option? ALGAE CONTROL • Need to understand and address the waterbody holistically • Limited focus can lead to disappointing results • What is the expected end result and timing? • Need to understand the current and desired condition WATERSHED ECOSTYEM IN-BASIN

  2. Add P Add P Add P Remove P Alternative Stable States 25 µg/L < TP < 100 µg/L TP > 100 µg/L Ecology TP << 25 µg/L Ecology Need to force P into a middle range to use ecological controls on water quality 25 µg/L < TP < 100 µg/L

  3. Practical Recommendations • Engage stakeholders from the start • Identify the core objective that the community is behind • Likely multi-faceted, boil it down, consensus from the start • Build a cooperative of talent around common goal • Establish robust monitoring/research program that addresses the objective by understanding all three legs of the stool - focus on the system • Commit, deliver, communicate and follow through

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