STRABO GEOGRAPHICAL COMPONENTS OF TOURISM CLIMATE AND TOURISM

1. STRABO • GEOGRAPHICAL COMPONENTS OF TOURISM • CLIMATE AND TOURISM

2. CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHY • GEOGRAPHY is the science which includes the world and its inhabitants. • In other words ,it is a description of the earth, or a portion of the earth, including its structure, features, products, political divisions, and the people by whom it is inhabited.

3. Tourism Geography is the study of travel and tourism, as an industry and as a social and cultural activity. Tourism geography covers a wide range of interests including the environmental aspects of tourism, the sociology of tourism and locations of tourism (destinations). • Tourism geography is that branch of science which deals with the study of travel and its impact on destinations.

4. STRABOThe ancient world's peripatetic geographer from Amasya • A member of a noble family on his mother's side, Strabo was born in 64 or 63 BC in the city of Amaseia (now called Amasya) capital of Pontus, a region in northeastern Anatolia that was an independent kingdom from the 4th century BC until overcomed by Pompey (The Roman politician Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, better known as Pompey, was one of the greatest generals of his age. He invaded and annexed Pontus in 62 BC).

5. Pontus became a province of the Roman empire in 62 BC, shortly after Strabo's birth. • Coming as he did from a wealthy family, Strabo was able to undergo a good education and he also had an opportunity to travel as the spirit filled him.

6. In 44 BC Strabo went to Rome, passing through Corinth and he studied under Tyrannion, a geographer from that city. • (Cicero also refers to Tyrannion as a distinguished geographer.) It is possible that Strabo was influenced by this teacher of his to become a geographer himself.

7. Strabo spent much of his life traveling and noting what he saw, visiting Egypt, Ethiopia, and many other countries in the process. • It is likely that he spent the last twenty-six or twenty-seven years of his life in his birthplace Amaseia probably composing and refining his work.

8. In his book, Strabo proudly refers to his extensive travels and they were extensive indeed: • as far east as Armenia in the east, as far west as the Tyrrhenian shores(Sardinya,Korsika ve Sicilya arasındaki deniz) opposite Sardinia, • as far north as the Pontus Euxinus (Black Sea), and as far south as Ethiopia.

9. In addition, Strabo tells us that among the geographers, there was no one who had gone beyond these borders or traveled more than he had.

10. The seventeen volumes of the Geographika provide information on the geography of the ancient world stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Indus River in the east. • Volumes I and II present a history of geography and earlier geographers.

11. Volumes III-XI treat Spain, Gaul, Britain, Italy, Sicily, northern and southern Europe, the northern Balkans, Greece, the Black Sea, and the Caspian Sea. • Volumes XI-XIV deal with Asia Minor (Anatolia). • Volumes XVI-XVII cover India, Persia, Mesopotamia, Arabia, Egypt, Ethiopia, and North Africa.

12. The work is more than just a geography book however: it is in fact a sort of encyclopedia of the ancient world at the turn of the millennium, a historical geography, and–as some have put it–a "philosophy of geography".

13. In his Geographica, he provides us with a fascinating verbal description of the 'Inhabited World', writing in Greek.

14. GEOGRAPHICAL COMPONENTS OF TOURISM • From a geographical point of view tourism consists of 3 major components : 1- Traveller generating region,in a sense provides impulse for travel

15. 2- Tourist destination region, represents the sharp-end of tourism.At the destination regions,the full impact of tourism is felt and planning and management strategies are implemented. 3- The transit route region,includes travelling to the main destination,and intermediate places which may be visited on the road,as well.

16. CLIMATE AND TOURISM • Climate affects the sense of place that characterizes each individual place, regardless of scale, on the earth’s surface and the actions of the human residents and visitors to that place. Climate is a major environmental factor that residents or visitors of any site on earth must consider.

17. Climate is important for tourism for a number of reasons. First, in some cases climate is an attraction. Locations with sunny and warm winters are in high demand by people from cold, snowy, northern locations.

18. Climate also affects what is known as an individual’s comfort level. The comfort level is related to what geographers call sensible temperature. Sensible temperature refers to what our bodies sense the temperature and climate to be, rather than what the climatologists may say it is. Winds and humidity usually are key elements in the comfort level.

19. THE WORLD’S CLIMATES • The most common classification system used to describe earth’s climate is known as the Köppen System. The Köppen System recognizes 5 major climatic regions, with subdivisions creating eleven distinct climatic types. Major climate types are as follows: • Tropical Climates: Humid, no winter, near equator.

20. Dry Climates: Desert, steppe, very dry, ex. Arizona. • Mesothermal Humid Climates: Middle latitudes, ex. Mediterranean( 35-45) • Microthermal Humid Climates: Also in middle latitudes but they have cooler winters than the mesothermal climates. (Chicago, Moscow) • Polar Climates: Subarctic, tundra, icecap climates. (Arctic and Antarctica)