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Learn about addiction, treatment options, therapy, and real-life cases to address addiction issues effectively.
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Working with Addiction and Substance Misuse • Steven Mckenna • stevenmckenna96@yahoo.com
AIMS: • Definition of Addiction • Treatment Options • Therapeutic Approaches • Case Studies
Definition of Addiction • What is addiction?
Addiction is a primary, chronic disease of brain reward, motivation, memory and related circuitry. Dysfunction in these circuits leads to characteristic biological, psychological, social and spiritual manifestations. This is reflected in an individual pathologically pursuing reward and/or relief by substance use and other behaviours. Definition of Addiction • American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) • http://www.asam.org/for-the-public/definition-of-addiction
Addiction is characterized by inability to consistently abstain, impairment in behavioural control, craving, diminished recognition of significant problems with one’s behaviours and interpersonal relationships, and a dysfunctional emotional response. Like other chronic diseases, addiction often involves cycles of relapse and remission. Without treatment or engagement in recovery activities, addiction is progressive and can result in disability or premature death. Definition of Addiction • American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) • http://www.asam.org/for-the-public/definition-of-addiction
Who is an Addict? • Stereotypes & Prejudice • Alcohol Park bench, brown paper bag Frank Skinner, Anthony Hopkins, Stephen King • Heroin Junkie, skinny, track marks, Wearing a hoodie and living in a squat Russell Brand, Angelina Jolie, Robert Downey Jr • Cocaine Stock Exchange brokers, Celebrities, Pop Stars Whitney Houston, Sigmund Freud, George Michael
Kyle Oh Why Can’t Johnny Just Quit?
Kyle Oh Why Can’t Johnny Just Quit?
Can addiction be treated successfully? Yes. Addiction is a treatable, chronic disease that can be managed successfully. Research shows that combining behavioural therapy with medications, where available, is the best way to ensure success for most patients. Treatment approaches must be tailored to address each patient’s drug use patterns and drug-related medical, psychiatric, and social problems. National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIA) http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/science-drug-abuse-addiction-basics Treatment
Can addiction be treated successfully? Yes. Addiction is a treatable, chronic disease that can be managed successfully. Research shows that combining behavioural therapy with medications, where available, is the best way to ensure success for most patients. Treatment approaches must be tailored to address each patient’s drug use patterns and drug-related medical, psychiatric, and social problems. National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIA) http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/science-drug-abuse-addiction-basics Treatment Options
Twelve Step Facilitation (TSF) • Person Centred Counselling • Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)(DBT) • Motivational Interviewing • Mindfulness Relapse Prevention • Marlatt’s Relapse Prevention What can you do?
Paul • Paul presents for counselling following successful completion of a 28 day inpatient detox and rehabilitation for heroin addiction. Case Study
2. Charlotte • Charlotte presents for counselling as ‘she cannot stop drinking.’ She presents intoxicated and reports taking valium and drinking excessive amounts of alcohol beginning with a drink in the morning, which she says is to cope with her severe chronic anxiety. Case Study
3. Chris • Chris presents for counselling to work on his ‘perfectionism’ and issues around food. He appears very underweight and weak. You notice a blue-ish tint to his lips and fingernails. Case Study
4. Penny • Penny has recently split from her partner of 12 years. She explains that she is feeling very depressed and alone and reports an increase in alcohol consumption which she believes relieves the emotional pain. Case Study
1. Screening Tools: • http://www.drugabuse.gov/nidamed-medical-health-professionals/tool-resources-your-practice/screening-assessment-drug-testing-resources/chart-evidence-based-screening-tools-adults • 2. Websites • www.cauk.org.uk • www.ukna.org • www.alcoholics-anonymous.org.uk • 3. Reading • Why can’t Jonny Just Quit? – Kyle Oh • Motivational interviewing: Helping people change. Miller & Rollnick (2012). Resources